Jim Morton

Molly Morton

Jim Morton with Molly Wilmoth

Jim Morton was a Springburn Harrier all his life – first as a runner, then as a good committee member – who represented his club at national level in both SAAA and SCCU.   I knew him as a genial and insightful member of the SAAA General and West District Committees in the late 1970’s and a finer committee man I never met.   Colin Youngson who was a member of several Scottish groups who trained at Cleland with Jim’s teams said, “ everyone found him to be motivating, efficient, supportive, cheerful, pleasant and very easily the best and most popular of all the top officials/team managers”   He is almost certainly remembered by those of mine and succeeding generations as an administrator and official, he was a very good runner too and we will begin this profile by looking at his career as a runner.

Jim really arrived on the Scottish distance running scene in the Midlands Championships of 1939.   Colin Shields describes the event for us: “There were three ex-Novice champions in the Midland Championships at Pollokshaws – R Simpson (Motherwell), WG Black (Plebeian) and D Fyfe (Springburn) – but there was a surprise winner in James Morton of Springburn who was later to become Union President.   Morton defeated D Fyfe by seven seconds when winning Springburn’s club championship a week earlier.   Running with fine judgment and plenty of spirit he finished with a fine sustained challenge over the final half-mile to win the 7 mile race by 7 seconds from WG Black.   Morton had, to that date spread his talents equally between hockey and running but this win encouraged him to concentrate on cross-country with many rewarding events both competitively and administratively  resulting from his choice of cross-country as his main sporting interest.”    

He had in fact been third in the National Novice championship in 1937 behind R Reid and AT Peters in 1937.   Click on the date for a report on that race.   He continued to run regularly for his club although like many of his generation the War probably deprived him of what would have been the best years of his running career.   His next notable run over the country was in the Midlands Championships of the 1950-51 season when he was eighth and third counter for the second-placed Springburn team.   The eight-man Edinburgh to Glasgow Relay was started up in 1930 and Jim ran in it a total of six times between 1938 and 1952.   His performances are summarised in the table below.

Jim’s Six Edinburgh to Glasgow Relays

Year Stage Position Team Place

1938

4

7th to 6th

5th

1939

4

10th to 9th

9th

April 1949

6

6th to 6th

7th

1950

4

9th to 7th

5th

1951

3

6th to 4th

3rd

1952

4

12th to 13th

12th

His career as an official and administrator overlapped with the end of his running career and developed quickly at National level.   He was always an athletes’ man   I remember on one occasion at a West District Committee of the SAAA Committee Meeting, when it was asked to have an exact timetable for the various events, the secretary of the time said it was difficult to do because the officials needed a break in the middle of the afternoon because they couldn’t be expected to stand as timekeepers or judges otherwise.   If they could hurry the events along early in the meeting, then they could have a break.   The vote was a close-run thing and the status quo (ie no timetable) was maintained.    Administrators such as Jim (along with others like Colin Shields , Eddie Taylor and  Alex Naylor ) always stood up for the athletes.   Another example of this is the SAAA post-mortem on the team at another Commonwealth Games.   Another highly respected official was waxing eloquent on the shameful behaviour of some male athletes spending time with female athletes (who were accommodated on a different floor) and what they might have been getting up to.    The speaker was on the left end of the top table, Jim was at the right end of the table.   He looked directly along the table and said in a good-natured way, “Come off it, X, you know that the officials were all at it as well.    If you’re going to criticise the athletes, then let’s be fair and bring out all the names.”   Am effective contribution.

There are often times when competitors complain about ‘officials’ when their complaints should be directed to the administrators – Jim served in both capacities and no athlete or coach that I knew of ever complained about either.    His efficiency as an all-round track official and more than capable referee ensured that he was the sole track referee appointed for the 1970 Commonwealth Games.

Bob Club Gp 62

Jim Morton, third from left in the back row at a Springburn Harriers dinner in 1962

Colin Shields tells us that Morton had been, along with his son Forbes, an Assistant Secretary of the SAAA and was a top-class track referee – occupying this position at the 1970 Commonwealth Games at Meadowbank Stadium.   He delighted in telling the story of the 10000m race on the opening day of the Games, won by Lachie Stewart in record time from Ron Clarke of Australia and Dick Taylor of England.   Such was the downpour of rain throughout the race that the recorders lap scoring sheets were soaked and reduced to mushy pulp.   It was only after Morton took them home, and dried them carefully in his gas oven, that they could be deciphered to determine the finishing order of runners after the first three medallists and discover the intermediate lap times of all the runners in the race.”

Jimwas also involved in officials’ education and is quoted as saying to some intending timekeepers that they needed concentration, good eyesight, keenness and a strong bladder because you were out there for the duration of the meeting.

He was Scottish cross-country international team manager from 1968 to 1979 and it was during this time that Scottish middle and long distance running reached a peak never since attained.    Runners such as Jim Alder, Lachie Stewart, Ian McCafferty, Ian Stewart, Jim Brown, Ron McDonald, Fergus Murray and many others were to represent their country in the world championships.    Teams under Jim’s control performed well as can be seen from the statistics below.

Record as Scottish Cross-Country Team Manager: 1968 – 1979

1968:   Tunis:   Team 4th.  First Scot:  Ian McCafferty 10th

1969:   Clydebank:   Team 5th.   First Scot:   Ian McCafferty 3rd

1970:   Vichy, France: Team 5th.   First Scot: Lachie Stewart 12th

1971:   San Sebastian: Team 9th.  First Scot 7th

1972:   Cambridge:   Team 4th.  First Scot

1973:  Waregem, Belgium:   Team 8th.   First Scot   N Morrison 13th,   NB:  Jim Brown 1st Junior

1974:   Monza, Italy: Team 7th.   First Scot Jim Brown 4th

1975:   Rabat, Morocco:   Team  6th (of 23)   First Scot Ian Stewart 1st

1976:   Chepstow, Wales:   Team 10th   First Scot  Jim Brown 24th

1977:   Dusseldorf:   Team 10th.   First Scot Allister Hutton 14th

1978:   Glasgow:   Team 9th.   First Scot Nat Muir 7th

Performed well certainly, with some outstanding individual performances too, but over the piece there was  a feeling of disappointment.    In 1968 new manager Morton made his intentions clear with a very professional approach to the team competition.   Colin Shields tells us that The preparations for thr ICCU International Championships at Tunis were the most methodical and carefully organised that the Union had ever carried out.   Monthly training sessions were carried out under the supervision of team manager Jim Morton at Cleland Estate, Motherwell, where a mock-up course, shaped like the one the runners would encounter at Tunis was available for practice.   Arrangements were so precise that, on the day of travel, a training run was arranged for the team at a sports ground near London Airport to alleviate a two hour delay between planes.   The careful preparations were fully rewarded when the Scottish team returned their best performance in 32 years by finishing a close-up fourth of thirteen competing countries.   The Scots were not to the ore at the start and the first five counters were scattered up to fortieth position at half distance.   In the final three miles of the race the Scots improved greatly, and Ian McCafferty who had achieved two individual wins in Belgium during a severely restricted competitive season, again showed his great ability when he charged through the field to gain seven places to be the first Scot home in tenth place.   His achievement was matched by 35 year old team captain Andrew Brown who after placing 48th in 1966 and 43rd in 1967, drove the team nwards while pushing himself into the first 20 finishers.   From a team score of 172 points at half distance the Scots gained an average of six places per man for a final total of 137 points, just eight points behind Spain who gained the bronze medals with 129 points.”

Fifth in Clydebank a year later, they could have been among the medals but there were under-performances from some athletes who were normally reliable and a fifth place in the event won by Gaston Roelants, and in which Mohammed Gammoudi dropped out less than a year after winning two medals in the Olympics in Mexico, was a disappointment.    Ian McCafferty had a first class race to finish third with Lachie Stewart twentieth and Fergus Murray twenty third.   Even ‘Athletics Weekly’ considered the team capable of medals.   Ian Stewart was third but several established stars failed to reproduce their best form and the country was fourth.   Jim was quoted at the time as saying, “This should have been Scotland’s year.   It can only be called a bloody disaster.  When the established men let you down, and can give no explanation afterwards, then there’s something far wrong.   It’s time for a major rethink on the Senior men’s team.”  

Jim was the man in the hot seat in 1973 when the IAAF decided that the event became a true world championship with its first race at Waregem, Belgium n 1973.   The team was 8th

His and Scotland’s hopes were really high in 1978 – his last year in the post and a race in Glasgow.  Unfortunately all did not go smoothly for the team.   Let Colin describe the event.   “His high hopes were quashed when Ian Stewart who had finished second in the English National Championships, caught ‘flu and had to drop out of Scotland’s team, joining Rees Ward who had earlier withdrawn due to injury.   On race day the weather deteriorated badly and appalling conditions of rain, hail and sleet were blown by strong winds horizontally into the faces of runners and spectators.   Twenty year old Nat Muir, judged too young to compete in the Senior  National race was selected for the World Championship Senior team.   He started slowly in the race and worked his way through from mid Twenties to fourth at one point before slipping back to finish seventh.   The team finished ninth of twenty teams.”  

Jim had done a good thorough job during his years and the Scots team had some results that were the best since the thirties with individual victories in both Senior and Junior races as well as silver and bronze medals and the team with two fifths and a fourth did not do badly.   Jim had worked so hard over the period that he really deserved at least one set of team medals.  He had been a runner and he remained a runners’ man.

Frank Stevenson

FLS 2

Frank Stevenson following Suttie Smith in the 10 miles championship of 1930

Frank Stevenson was one of the best runners in the country in the late 1920’s and early 1930s and he went on competing for his club (Monkland Harriers) when he was well past his best right up to the start of the Second World War.   The Coatbridge club was comparatively strong at the time with Intenational vests being won by to more of his colleagues at the time.   He was good on the track with gold, silver and bronze medals in the SAAA Championships defeating such good runners as J Suttie Smith, Dunky Wright and many others; he won silver and bronze in the Scottish Cross-Country Championships and even led the Scottish team home in the International Championships in 1927; and although it probably came too late for him, he ran in three Edinburgh to Glasgow Relays turning in the fastest time on his stage in 1930 and having two third fastest runs.    Nor did he just hang up his spikes when he had, as Emmet Farrell said in a different context, ‘shed his silk’ – he ran right up to 1939 in the national finishing twice in the 40’s and twice in the 60’s.    He sounds like a ‘runner’s runner’ to me!

He first appears in the prize lists on 18th April, 1925 when at Celtic Park he was third in the SAAA Ten Miles championship behind Dunky Wright and John Mitchell.   The ‘Glasgow Herald’ reported as follows: “The 10 Miles championship was an interesting race.   Twenty two out of an entry of twenty nine faced the starter.   Soon it was observed that the race would resolve itself into a tussle between D McL Wright (Shettleston), James Mitchell (Mauchline) and F Stevenson (Monkland), a comparatively new recruit to distance running.   Wright and Mitchell eventually got clear of the field and despite repeated efforts on the part of Wright to shake off Mitchell, the latter refused to be dropped  on the way.   At the bell, Wright piled on the pace and still Mitchell clung on.   Coming into the straight the latter was unable to withstand the final burst and Wright ran home a winner by nearly 10 yards in the time of 54 mins 2 3-5th secs.    F Stevenson (Monkland), W Plant (Monkland), A Pettigrew (Greenock Glenpark), ME Anderson (Shettleston), W Stewart (Paisley Harriers) and D Mussell (Aberdeen University) succeeded in getting inside standard time.”    This bronze was the first of seven consecutive medals that he would win in the event.

On 6th Match 1926 he ran in the National Championships where he finished third and Colin Shields describes the race: “After a long absence the 1926 National championship returned to Hamilton Park Racecourse where a flooding River Clyde prevented the use of the grassland between the river and Hamilton Palace with the result that the race distance did not exceed 9 miles.   The rapidly improving James Micthell, now running for Kilmarnock H, had just finished 10 yards behind Dunky Wright in the previous summer’s 10 miles track race, quickly went into the lead.   At half distance Mitchell had Wright (Caledonia AC) on his heels, with Frank Stevenson (Monkland) and WH Calderwood (Maryhill) a fair distance behind.   Over the final two miles, Mitchell powered clear from the defending champion  to win from right by 14 seconds, with Stevenson winning the Junior title in third position. ”   The run gained Stevenson his first international cap with the race being run in Brussels and he was 16th finisher and the team was third.  

In 1926 the Ten Miles track championship was again held at Celtic Park and this time he gained another bronze medal, this time behind Dunky Wright and D Quinn.   “At the start champion D McL Wright was content to maintain a forward position without actually assuming the lead.   For the first three miles F Stevenson made the pace, but when another half-mile had been covered, Wright forged ahead and thereafter the issue was never in doubt.  At the tape the margin in favour of the title holder was but a few yards short of a quarter of a mile.   Wright’s time last year was quicker by some 16 seconds but on that occasion he was chased all the way by James Mitchell, Kilmarnock Harriers, whereas on Saturday he did not have to exert himself unduly.   Mitchell who last month deprived Wright of his Scottish cross-country title, was an absentee owing to a foot injury sustained after the international in Brussels three weeks ago.    Result:   1.   D Wright   54:25; 2.   D Quinn, Garscube Harriers,   55:48.6; 3.   F Stevenson, Monkland Harriers,   56:13.4′  4.   J S Smith, Dundee Thistle Harriers,  56:43.2.   The foregoing were the only competitors to complete the distance within the standard time of 57 minutes”.   On 26th June he had a good run in the SAAA Four Miles where he finished behind WH Calderwood but turned the tables on Dunky Wright who was third.   Wright had run in he AAA marathon just two weeks before had probably not helped his cause.

In the 1927 National held  at Redford Barracks in Edinburgh on 6th March, he was second.   “Three times National Champion Wright led from 6 miles followed by Frank Stevenson and West District champion CH Johnston.   On the final lap he opened up a 50 yard gap over Stevenson to win in 60 minutes 23 seconds – the slow time reflecting the heavy going over the tough country which slowed him to one of the slowest winning times over 10 miles since the race was inaugurated,  ”    was how Shields reported on the event.    He goes on to report on the international race “The International Championship was held at Caerleon Racecourse in Newport and, as so often was the case at this Welsh venue, the weather was appalling.   Frank Stevenson had the best run of his career when finishing fourth, just beaten by two seconds in the finishing sprint for third place with H Gallet (France).    With the rest of the Scottish team performing without merit Scotland took third place behind France and England in the five nation competition.” Stevenson’s  team mate WC Plant (fourth in the 1925 SAAA 10 miles championship) was also selected for the Scottish team and finished forty second.

Later that year, on 16th April at Celtic Park, he turned out in the SAAA 10 Miles and defeated two really outstanding runners at whose hands he suffered many defeats –  Suttie Smith and Dunky Wright.  The ‘Glasgow Herald’  report read as follows.   “Duncan Wright, Maryhill Harriers, last year’s 10mile champion had to country strong opposition from which CH Johnstone, Glasgow University, was a notable absentee.   At the end of the first mile, A Mitchell, Maryhill Harriers, led the field, Wright being second in 4 min 58.2-5th sec.   From this point until being dispossessed of the lead in the final mile, Wright fulfilled the duties of pacemaker.   The order practically throughout was Wright, F Stevenson (Monkland Harriers) and J Suttie Smith (Dundee Thistle Harriers), all being in close succession, with A Pettigrew (Glenpark Harriers) temporarily on the lead in the third mile.   Except those mentioned none of the eighteen starters at any stage appeared likely to disturb the leaders and with Pettigrew also dropping back in the sixth mile, the race resolved itself into a contest with Wright, Stevenson and Suttie Smith.   The last named headed Wright at nine and a half miles but had in turn to give way to Stevenson whose sustained effort over the last 600 yards carried him to the tape some 20 yards ahead of the Dundee runner with Wright 35 yards behind Smith.  

Result:   1.   F Stevenson (Monkland Harriers) 53 min 31.1 sec;   2.   J Suttie Smith (Dundee Thistle Harriers)  53 min 35 sec;   3.   D Wright  (Maryhill Harriers)   53 min 43 sec;  4.   A Pettigrew (Greenock Glenpark Harriers) 55 min 33 2-5th sec; 5.   W Stewart (Paisley Harriers)  56 min 41 3-5th sec.   These all qualified for standard medals.”   

In the SAAA Championships at Hampden on 25th June Suttie Smith regained the initiative when he won the Four Miles Championships.   “Smith ran a well-judged race.  He allowed Stevenson to make the pace and still had sufficient speed left in reserve to win with something in hand.”   

In the National in March 1928 he was again second.   Coln Shields chronicled the event as follows.  “Excellent weather with good, fast underfoot conditions welcomed 220 runners from 20 clubs to the National Championships at Hamilton Racecourse.   There were two one and a half mile laps round the button-hook race track and two large 3 mile laps sweeping out into the country at Low Park by the River Clyde.   The leading group of runners were together until the 6 mile point when Suttie Smith and Frank Stevenson, running together, opened up a 50 yard gap from WH Calderwood (Maryhill).   Over the final 3 mile lap, the Dundonian raced away to establish a winning 120 yard gap over Stevenson with Calderwood a similar distance behind in third position.”   His second second place in the National had him safely intto the International team for the match to be held that year in Ayr.    Stevenson was fourteenth.

 Into summer 1928 and in the Ten Miles at Celtic Park on , he split Suttie Smith (1st) and Dunky Wright (3rd) to take the silver medal.   It was a similar result at Craiglockhart in Edinburgh in the Four Miles when he was second to Suttie Smith with JF Wood behind him in third.   “Suttie Smith in the Four Miles had to extend himself to shake off his great rival, FL Stevenson who despite the fact that the Dundonian had beaten him every time they have met this season, always comes back pluckily to make a fight of it.   Smith’s time of 20 min 24 2-5th sec has been equalled only twice in the history of the championships.”

The 1929 national was held at Hamilton over a course with difficult underfoot conditions – a slight thaw the previous night making footing difficult.   Stevenson was only one of several who had to drop out following a heavy fall.    He was nonetheless selected for the International to be held in Paris where there were ten countries competing.   Stevenson finished in twenty first place to be a scoring runner for the team which was fifth.

On the 20th April 1929, the Ten Miles was held at Hampden Park and he was again second to Suttie Smith, who had had an unusual off day at the international, with H McDonald third.   It was some race and the ‘Herald’ was quite excited about it!   “SUTTIE SMITH’S NARROW WIN FROM STEVENSON.”   was the headline and the article read “At Hampden Park on Saturday an exciting race between J Suttie Smith, Dundee and F Stevenson,  Monkland, for the ten miles championship of Scotland resulted in four Scottish records being broken.   In winning the race Smith broke the record for the distance.   Over seven miles he created a new record and Stevenson set up new records over eight miles and nine miles.  For the ten miles Smith was 26 3-5th seconds inside the record established at Celtic Park in 1920 by James Wilson of Glenpark Harriers.    The detailed report followed  “once the field had settled down, it was seen that a repetition of last year’s duel between  J Suttie Smith (holder) and F Stevenson (winner in 1927).   These two great rivals were of a class apart, and soon there was a wide gap between them and the rest of the field.   Smith was invariably in the lead but Stevenson was always in close touch with the champion and kept him from taking things easy had he been so inclined.   Thus the miles were reeled off until at half-distance it was obvious that there was a prospect of  some records being broken.   Smith’s time at six miles was only a couple of seconds slower than the record, but when another mile had been covered it was found that the old figures had received a bit of a shake-up.   The further they went the better the time returned, new figures being set for 8, 9 and 10 miles, the time for the full journey being almost half a minute inside the old record.   A better race has not been seen in Glasgow for a long time, for not only was the issue in doubt right to the end, but the form of the two leaders that they are just about the best pair of ten milers Scotland has produced.  

While Stevenson failed to regain the title – there was little more than ten yards in it at the tape – his was nevertheless a glorious failure, for besides placing the Scottish records for his credit, he also had the satisfaction of knowing that his time for the full distance, even if 3 1-5th seconds slower than Smith is considerably faster than anything recorded in the past.   The old and new figures follow (old figures bracketed).  

7 Miles: J  Smith 36 min 01 sec (36 min 7 3-5th sec);   8 Miles :  F Stevenson  41 min 17 sec (41 min 29 3-5th sec); 9 Miles: F Stevenson  46 min 30 sec (46 min 48 3-5th sec); 10 Miles: JS Smith 51 min 37 4-5th sec (52min 04 3-5th sec).     The old records stood to the credit of James Wilson, Greenock Glenpark Harriers,  and were set at Celtic Park nine years ago.”     The rivals met up again  in the Scottish Championships in June in the SAAA Four Miles at Hampden.   The ‘Herald’ had little to say of the race only that it surprised them that Suttie Smith had eighteen rivals in the four miles.   He won comfortably in 20:25.4 from Stevenson and JF ‘Ginger’ Wood.    –

In the 1930 National cross-country championship, he was third – not a bad record – two seconds, two thirds and a dnf (injured) in five years.   This time Suttie Smith won by 150 yards from Robert Sutherland with Stevenson a further 150 yards down.   The International at Royal Leamington Spa was run in front of a huge crowd of 30,000 spectators.   Stevenson was twenty second in this race which was notable for the tough finish in which Robert Sutherland was second to Evenson of England (look at the picture in Sutherland’s profile on this website).

 There are many rivalries in sport where an excellent athlete continually finishes second to the same victor time after time with very few exceptions – Mimoun behind Zatopek, Lincoln behind Elliot are two that spring immediately to mind – and Frank Stevenson certainly finished second to Suttie Smith very often.   It was no different in the Ten Miles of 1930 at Hampden Park when he was behind the great man once again after a race in which he actually led Smith by over 50 yards.  “Twenty six of the twenty eight entrants faced the starter and 16 of them finished the course.   Suttie Smith, the holder jumped into the lead right away and, with FL Stevenson at his heels, rapidly drew away from the field.   The pair ran together until five and a quarter miles when Smith had some trouble with one of his shoes.   Ere he had this adjusted Stevenson had gained a lead of 60 yards, but before the seven miles ark had been passed, Smith was in front again.   The pair ran together until the ninth mile when Smith began to draw away from his rival, and eventually broke the tape 60 yards ahead.   Stevenson put up a plucky fight but was beaten for pace in the final half-mile.   It had been pointed out earlier in the report that a strong wind was blowing from one end of the field to the other and that during the ten miles there was a heavy shower of hailstones.   The times were irrelevant and the race was all.   For the record, Suttis Smith ran 53:17 and it should be noted that JF Wood and RR Sutherland both failed to finish.       In the Four Miles at Hampden on 28th June, there was no Suttie Smith in the field and after a hard race, Robert R Sutherland won from ‘Ginger’ Wood with Frank Stevenson third.   The Edinburgh to Glasgow eight man relay was first run in 1930 and Stevenson ran on the eighth stage into the finish in Glasgow – he set the fastest time of the day and it was a record that would last for many years.

In 1931, he did not run in the National, and there were to be no more international appearances for him – his run of five consecutive appearances ended in 1930.    He had more medals to win on the track however and in the Ten Miles at Hamden on 18th April he was third behind JF Wood and DT Muir.  His time of 55 minutes 04 seconds was almost a minute behind the winner. In the Edinburgh to Glasgow that year he was ‘promoted’ to the long sixth stage where he held on to sixth position with the third fastest time of the afternoon.

Finishing twenty ninth in the National, he was not even in the running for the international but his club mate P Peattie was fourth and was called into the Scottish team to be the third from Monkland Harriers in the team in four years.   In the Edinburgh to Glasgow later that year he was equal third fastest time on the eighth stage to start a winter that would lead to him finishing fortieth in the National in 1933.   Edinburgh to Glasgow details for the years 1933, ’34, ’35 are not available for Monkland Harriers although they were in the race in each of these years,  and they were not included in the event between 1936 and ’19 inclusive.

He went on running in the National and finished  twenty ninth in 1934, twenty fourth in 1935, sixty fourth in 196 when the Monkland team was seventeenth, forty sixth in 1937 running as an individual and sixty fifth in 1938 when his team was eleventh.

Frank Stevenson clearly loved his sport turning out year after year, on all surfaces, always with the same club, regardless of its fortunes, and was the kind of runner who garners respect from athletes of all generations.   He raced against the very top men of his generation and more than held his own.

Robert R Sutherland

Robbie Sutherland 1935

Robert Sutherland

Robert R Sutherland of Garscube Harriers and Birchfield Harriers was probably the best unknown runner that Scotland has ever had.   Seven cross-country international appearances (first Scot to finish three times), two silver medals in the ICCU International, three silvers in the Scottish cross-country championships,  14 Army Championships, 5 inter-services championships, twice third in the English Cross-Country championships, three times fifth in the same championships, and as a member of Birchfield Harriers led them to the team championship seven times in eight years.    And he is not known at all in Scottish cross-country circles.    His problem?    He was running at the same time as Suttie Smith and Jim Flockhart.    In summary, his cross-country feats included twice second in the International Championships where he was first Scot to finish three times and seven appearances in ten years in the International team.   On the track he he won the Scottish four miles title twice being the only man ever to get under 20 minutes for the championship and third in the AAA’s championship, as well as winning the national steeplechase championship.

 

RRS 1933Sutherland on the right in the black jersey

Sutherland first came to prominence in the National Cross-Country Championship of 1928 where, finishing fourth, he won the National Junior title.   Colin Shields says, Lance-Corporal Robert R Sutherland of the Scots Dragoon Guards, running as an individual for Garscube Harriers, finished fourth and gained the National Junior title.   Sutherland, a Govan man, had own the British Army 10 mile cross-country championship just seven days earlier and was to run in the English National a week later for Birchfield Harriers with whom he was to win many English team honours.”   In the international itself he finished eighteenth and third Scot behind Suttie Smith (second) and Frank Stevenson of Monkland Harriers (fourteenth).

Sutherland missed the championships of 1929 and most of his running career came during the 1930’s and in the introduction to this period, Shields remarks: “The Thirties was by far the most successful period in international competition.   In the 27 years since the inception of the international championships in 1903, Scotland had won just five medals, together with placing runners-up in the team championship on just four occasions, all before the First World War when no more than five countries took part in the championshi

The Thirties were completely different with six medals gained –  one gold from James Flockhart (1937), three silvers from Robert Sutherland (1930, 1933) and WC Wylie (1935) and two bronze medals from J Suttie Smith (1933) and Alex Dow (1936).”   He goes on to mention that one of the two memorable high-spots was in 1933 when Sutherland and Suttie Smith finished second and third behind England’s Jack Holden.

The ‘Glasgow Herald’ described the 1930 Championship as follows: “The competitors were set to cover a course of fully nine miles in four laps, the first of one and a half miles, the other three of fully two and a half miles each.   When the first lap had been covered in 8 min 06 sec, the field was led by a group of a dozen of the strongest candidates, including of course J Suttie Smith and Frank Stevenson.   The next time round (time 24 min 51 2-5th sec), Smith and Stevenson were running together with Sergeant Sutherland 10 yards behind.   At the end of the third lap (41 min 49 1-5th sec), Suttie Smith was 60 yards ahead of Stevenson with Sutherland another 15 yards in the rear.   These three were well clear of the field.   Going out for the last lap, Sutherland who gained the junior title two years ago, soon passed Stevenson but the champion kept well in front.   He doubled his lead to run out a splendid winner by 150 yards.   Stevenson finished a like distance in the rear of Sutherland.”

In the English National, he had come twelfth  and was a member of the winning Birchfield team.

The Herald reported on the international race in the edition of 24th March under the headline “Sutherland’s Fine Running” and commented, “Thirty thousand saw the big field cover the course of nine miles and the finish between Evenson (of England) and RR Sutherland (Garscube Harriers) was a fine finish to a splendid race.   …..   Sutherland began to pull up rapidly in the last mile and he challenged Evenson in the final hundred yards, the Scot being beaten by a matter of two yards …     From the Scottish point of view the most satisfactory thing was the forward place taken by RR Sutherland of Garscube Harriers.   Sutherland who was Army champion in 1927 and 1928 has finished second in three big events this season.   He was second to J Suttie Smith in the National Championship at Hamilton and to Lance-Corporal Broadley in the Army Championships last Tuesday.   On Saturday he defeated both but had the misfortune again to run up against another runner who just defeated him.”

1930 ICCU race Evenson & SutherlandThe finish of the international; in 1930: see how close Sutherland was to Evenson, the winner.

(Picture from Alex Wilson)

Colin Shields reports that after running so well in these races (three quality long distance races in fifteen days), Sutherland was invited to race in an invitation race in Paris on 30th March.   There were 1600 runners and over 7 miles.   Would you believe it – Sutherland was second only one second behind the winner!   A superb season but he could be forgiven for thinking that it was not his year.   Calling him the great unsung hero of Scottish cross-county, Shields remarks that it had been a daunting programme but one that Sutherland repeated regularly over the next few years with great success but little recognition as he never won either the Scottish or English nationals or the international any of which would have won him eternal fame and inclusion in the cross-country record books.

In summer 1930, Sutherland won the first of his three Scottish titles over Four Miles in a time of 20:15.4.    Big and strong – look at him in the photographs with the Scottish team – he was demonstrating speed as well.   For this victory, he was awarded the Crabbie Cup for the most meritorious performance in the SAAA Championships.    He was also third in the English championship, one place behind JF Wood of Heriot’s.   The first ever Empire Games was held that year in Hamilton and he was the only Scot in the Three Mile event where he finished fourth only 0.4 seconds behind third place.    Maybe ironically fifth finisher was England’s Tom Evenson who had defeated him in the international!   This was an incredibly close finish with places and times being: 3rd 14:29.0; 4th 14:29.4; 5th 14:29.6; 6th 14:29.8!   The SAAA Championship was described in the ‘Glasgow Herald’ as follows: “The four miles was expected to be the race of the afternoon and anticipations were fully realised.   It was full of incident from the pistol, and was capped by as brilliant and spectacular burst of speed from Sutherland over the final 300 yards as has been seen on a Scottish track for a long time.   The earlier stages of the race were notable for a duel between Suttie Smith and JF Wood for the leading place and the Heriot man’s worrying tactics proved so disastrous for the champion that he dropped out at two and a half miles after losing the lead and being 60 yards behind.   They had no effect however on Sutherland, who continued to move with powerful stride and obvious reserve, and although Wood continued to contest the issue until the bell, he was left standing on the last lap.   On this running the soldier is in the first rank of British distance runnersand it will be interesting to see how he fares at Stamford Bridge on Saturday first.”

The National championships in March 1931 were again at Hamilton and Sutherland was second.   In the English Championships however, he was third finisher and led  Birchfield to the team title.   In the ‘Herald’ we are told that in the international, Sutherland was thirty fourth at the end of the first lap finished in eighth place.   Scotland and France were equal second.

Summer 1931 was another good one for him.   He again won the SAAA Four Miles title -this time in 19:59.8 which was the only time that twenty minutes was beaten in this championship.

The 1931-32 winter season was to be yet another good one for the consistent Scot.   The national was run again at Hamilton and was remarkable for the very fast start ‘for which JF Wood was chiefly responsible’.     Sutherland was not mentioned in the report of the early part of the race but towards the end when Suttie Smith was clear,  “Sutherland managed to get on terms with Wood, as did Stobbs, but the real struggle for second place was between the first two.   It was a great duel over the last few hundred yards.   Sutherland got in front at last and stayed there despite repeated challenges.  The result was in doubt until the last few yards, but in the end the soldier, for the third year in succession, filled the position of runner-up.”    Tenth in the English National championship, again leading Birchfield to team gold, he was unable to run in the international in Brussels as he was “prevented by Army duties from running.”

Season 1932-33 was the one which was to be Jim Flockhart’s big break-through season – Sutherland had been second to Suttie Smith since he came into the sport and here was another phenomenon!   It is probably not stretching it too far to say that those three – Smith Sutherland and Flockhart – were probably the best in Britain throughout the 30’s.   Some, including Alex Wilson would beg to differ and say that Jack Holden (who won the ICCU Cross-Country title four times between 1933 and 1939) was THE top man but they’re at least in very good company!Sergeant Sutherland was fourth in the National in March 1933 behind Flockhart, Wilson and Suttie Smith.   One week later and he was third in the English National and again Birchfield won the team race – for the sixth year in succession – and again Sutherland held back from the early pace and came through on the last lap to finish 14 seconds behind the winner.   The 1933 international was held in heatwave conditions and Flockhart injured his foot leaving the battle to Sutherland and Suttie Smith.   They ran the final two miles together with Sutherland proving the stronger and finishing second with Suttie Smith third.

In summer 1933 he again won the SAAA Four Miles title – this time in 20:24 – before heading into the 1933 – 1934 season.   In the National in March 1934, there was another silver medal for Sutherland who was 150 yards behind Flockhart.     In the English championship he was sixth individual, first Birchfield Harrier and the team again struck gold.    In the International Championship Sutherland was sixth and second Scot to finish but the ‘Glasgow Herald’ felt obliged to say “Sutherland obviously felt the strain of his mud-week race in the Army Championships, this being his fourth big race within the month.”    The Army 10 mile cross-country championship in the middle of the week leading to the international would hardly have been ideal preparation for the international championship.

In March 1935 he missed the National in Scotland and the International.    The reasons for this are not clear but he was back in 1936 and ran a very good National in March 1936 to be second to Flockhart.    Not mentioned in the exceptionally short ‘Herald’ report on the English National (which did mention that Birchfield who had lost their title in 1935, won it back again in 1936).    On a very warm day in Blackpool for the international Sutherland finished fourteenth after running in tenth for much of the race, to be second counting runner for the third placed Scottish team ahead of both Flockhart and Suttie Smith.

The SAAA Steeplechase championship had been first run in 1934 and Sutherland took part in and won it in 1937 in 10:59.9.   With his height, natural strength (4 major cross country championships in one month almost every March) and speed as demonstrated in some of the fast finishes and pace over the 4 miles distance, it might be thought that he would have been a natural for this event.   It would have been interesting to note what he could have done earlier in his career.    The following winter he was third in the National championship 9 seconds behind second placed Emmet Farrell: needless to say Jim Flockhart took the title.   In the International in Belgium, the big talking point was the Scottish victory by Jim Flockhart while Sutherland was twentieth and third placed Scot in what was to be his final cross-country championship in the blue of Scotland.

He had had a superb career – one that 99% of athletes could only dream of – with individual gold medals on the track and in Army championships, team golds in the English championships, silver and bronze individual medals in Scottish, English and international championships as well as several fine runs in other events.

www.rastervect.comInternational 1933:  Flockhart 25,  Suttie Smith 27 and Sutherland 28

I am indebted to Alex Wilson for the following information on Sutherland’s track career.

  “Robbie’s pb for the  mile was 4:26.4, set when winning the 1930 Army title at Aldershot; his pb for  the 2 miles steeplechase was 10:29.0, set when finishing runner-up to WC Wylie  in the 1937 AAAs; and his pb for 6 miles was 30:50.0, set when finishing  runner-up to Jack Holden in the 1933 AAAs. He was nothing if not  versatile!
I have in my notes (maybe from Birchfield historian Wilf  Morgan, I`m not sure!) that he was an Army PE instructor. His Army chores  were such that much of his time was spent in the gymn demonstrating and  lecturing on a variety of sports including boxing. 
Another little-known  fact about this little-known runner was that he also tried his hand at the  marathon in the twilight of his athletic career, when he ran 13th in his one and  only marathon – the 1936 Poly – in 2:51:01.”

Thanks, Alex

Stewart Duffus

Stewart-James-Duffus-150x150[1]

Stewart Duffus was originally a member of Arbroath Harriers who, after winning the Scottish Junior Cross Country Championship joined Clydesdale Harriers.   He had a glittering career on the track and over the country and was undoubtedly a superb talent.   However he was involved in various scandals involving money – accepting travelling expenses, impersonating other athletes and so on – and ended his career a disgraced athlete.   We should not get ahead of ourselves though.    His career came first.

 He burst on to the National scene when he won the National Junior Cross Country Championships in 1893 in the colours of the unfashionable Arbroath Harriers.   As a Senior the following year he was second to Clydesdale’s Andrew Hannah after a hard fought race in which he was the only runner able to stay with the great man.  In 1895 he was again second – this time to Edinburgh’s P Hay and again there were only two runners together at the finish with Duffus being outsprinted in the race for the line.   1894 was repeated in 1896 when he was behind Andrew Hannah at the finish after a hard race over a heavy course with a lot of ploughed land.   The club at that time awarded gold medals and badges for particularly outstanding performances and the Committee Minute for September 1896 reported: Mr Stewart Duffus was granted a gold medal for establishing a record in the 4 Miles Championship in the time of 20 minutes 10 4/5th seconds and a silver medal for winning a mile race at Maybole on 17th July in 4 min 29 sec off 35 yards start.   His claim for a record medal in the Three Miles Race at the Rangers Sports on 1st August in the time of 15 minutes 6 3/5th seconds was held over formally till the Union had passed the performance.”  On the track there were many fine races over one, four and ten miles but his only SAAA victory was in the four miles in 1896 in a Scottish record of 20:10.8 for which the above claim was made..

 In 1897, not only was he a club member but his brother James Smart Duffus had joined the club in January of that year. After three years in second place he went one better in 1897 when he won the national Senior Championship for the first time.   In 1898 it was a reversion to second place: he was returning from a six week lay off due to injury but was aided by his team mate William Robertson losing ground due to torn shorts (!) but just failed to win gold.   He was really doing well and was highly thought of at this time and was winning races all over the country: in August 1898 the team of WS Robertson (1st), John S Duffus (2nd) and Stewart Duffus won the gold cup, three gold medals and three special prizes at the Berwick team race.   In September 1898 he was elected club captain at the AGM with John S Duffus vice captain.   The Committee nominated him as HQ Section Two Team Leader in September that year and another family member – cousin JH Duffus – was elected to the club in October.   An active Committee Member he was asked by the Committee to visit the Assistant Secretary who had resigned two months after election and enquire further into the matter and if possible persuade him to take up his duties again.   Everything was going well for him.

Events to be described below were to prevent his racing the following year.

S Duffus 2

Stewart and James Smart Duffus

 

Meanwhile : ~

An Athletics Abuses Committee was set up by the SAAA’s in November 1893 to enquire into various abuses in Amateur Athletics.    The sub committee of seven including the respected and experienced Clydesdale Harrier Alex MacNab met seven times and interviewed thirty one witnesses and reported back in January 1894.   Various abuses were uncovered and their principal points were as follows:

  1. The payment of athletics expenses, including hotel bills, was      general but only to athletes coming from a distance such as England.
  2. It was proved that payments of money had been made in particular  to three athletes: the sprinter Alf Downer the Scottish champion; to S Duffus (Arbroath) ‘an outstanding distance runner’ who admitted receiving  £2 in the name of expenses from a club:   and to RE Messenger, an English runner, who admitted receiving £5      in the name of expenses from a club;
  3. A club had paid a ‘round sum’ to an individual resident in England for a party of English athletes;
  4. In the West of Scotland it was found that payment of entry fees was not enforced as it ought to have been
  5. Betting was prevalent in Edinburgh      and Paisley and on the increase in Glasgow;
  6. Roping was spreading and this, together with the betting, was      found to be demoralising amateur sport.
  7. (*Roping was the practice of the best runners in a race getting together and agreeing to share the prizes/prize money equally; this often happened over a series of races among a few good runners and deprived the public and the meeting organisers of proper races.)

Athletes and others giving evidence had been guaranteed immunity from any action against them.   The findings however led to new definitions of amateurism and new rules dealing with the payment of expenses.   The next furore on the subject was not long in coming.

There were rumours in 1898 that there were some professional athletes competing in meetings in Scotland, Ireland and the South of England under assumed names. A sub-committee was set up by the SAAA on 6th October to make an enquiry into the matter on behalf of the three Associations.   The real culprits were almost all Scots.   In the investigations the allegations were virtually all upheld and the following proposals made:

  • 1.   William Robertson, S Duffus and  JS Duffus, Glasgow, be suspended permanently for being implicated in the personation of an Amateur by a Professional at the sports of Cliftonville FC, Belfast, held on 13th August 1898;

2.   JM Gow, JB Glass, Edinburgh, be suspended permanently for being implicated in the Personation of two Amateurs by Professionals at said sports and for betting;

3.   James Blackwood, Johnstone, J Rodger, Maybole and Robert Mitchell, Paisley, be permanently suspended for betting; and

4.   JH Duffus be suspended for failing to appear before the sub-committee to give evidence.

 Robertson, S Duffus, Rodger and Mitchell had been Scottish champions and record holders and their departure from the scene was a loss to the sport.   The moral demands on athletes were high.

 The ultimate punishment for his errors was banishment from the sport.   He could not appeal, he could not hold any office and could not coach or have any involvement in the sport thereafter.    Maybe harsh but possibly a model for dealing with drug cheats in the twenty first century.    As falls go, they don’t come much more dramatic than that.

Following the publication of the above, more information was received from Alex Wilson and he added the following.   “He set a Scottish 3 mile record of 15:09..0 at Glasgow on 27th July 1894 when he outsprinted his great rival Andrew Hannah.   His 4 mile record was actually a Scottish  native record as opposed to a Scottish record, that being the 19:49.4 by the Anglo-Scot Henry Ackland Munro when he won the 1894 AAA 4 miles championship.   He was presented with a valuable gold medal by Rangers Football Club bearing the inscription “Presented by the Rangers FC to Stewart Duffus for breaking the 3 miles Scottish record at their annual sports.   Time 15 min 6 2-5th sec.   1st Aug 1896.”   Again it was a native record since Munro had a faster time of 14:48.0  to his credit.   Duffus was born in Arbroath on 22.10.1873 and an iron worker by trade.    He emigrated to America in 1912 and got married, settling in Elmira, New York State, and was drafted by the US Army in 1917.    I have no idea of what happened to him after that.” 

Thanks Alex for the welcome addition to the profile.

Robert Reid

R Reid 1950

Robert Reid of Doon Harriers ran superbly wekk from the days when he was a Youth (Under 17) in Doon Harriers until after his last international appearance in 1952 winning track as well as cross country titles and was as Colin Shields says, “!the first runner whose lifestyle was lifestyle was to benefit from his running ability.”     Information for this profile has come from The Glasgow Herald, The Scots Athlete, Scottish Athletics by David Keddie but mainly from what is probably the best history of any athletics discipline in Britain, Colin’s “Whatever the Weather” which is a mine of information.   R Reid 1939

 The first trophy of any sort won by Robert Reid was in 1937 when he won the Scottish Youths cross-country championship which he won from John Muir of West of Scotland.   He won the title again in 1938 but made the headlines that season for another race altogether.    I quote directly from “Whatever the Weather”:   “The National Novice Championship amply justified its title as the most popular of all the NCCU Championships when over 300 runners from 41 clubs lined up for the start of the 1937 race at Bothwell Castle.   The strange rules of the event were demonstrated when 16 year old Robert Reid of Doon Harriers, the National Youth Champion, lined up with rivals twice his age who had been trying for years to win the title.   Reid followed AT Peters (Maryhill) the British TA mile champion, round the early stages of the five mile course.   He went into the lead at three miles and, displaying power and stamina far beyond that expected for a lad of his years, crowded on the pace to win in 24:36, 18 seconds in front of Peters, who had just 3 seconds to spare from Jim Morton (Springburn).

Reid’s victory caused great administrative trouble for it was subsequently revealed that he was a re-instated amateur.   A clause in the championship rules stated that ‘Competitors shall be ineligible who have been reinstated to the amateur ranks.’   But this had slipped through the scrutiny committee and Reid had been allowed to enter.   He was disqualified  and the novice title awarded to the runner-up, AT Peters.   As a schoolboy, just a few weeks after his fourteenth birthday, Reid had won a nominal prize of just a few shillings in an unpermitted Coronation Sports Meeting, when totally unaware of the amateur laws but nevertheless losing his amateur status.   Doon Harriers appealed against his disquaification, and there was a great deal of sympathy for Reid who had been wrongly advised that he was eligible to compete in the National Novice Championship.   A special meeting of the General Committee was called to determine ‘whether it was meant that the law should have specified clearly that it was not applicable to members whose certificate of re-instatement stated that their offences were of a minor nature, carrying no extreme penalties.’     

General Committee by an overwhelming majority approved an amendment to the law in question which ensured that Reid, and all the other runners whose re-instatement came under the category of Minor Offences would be eligible for the National Novice Championship.   At the AGM in September 1938 the rule change was approved and made retrospective to the start of the 1937-38 season, so that Reid was duly recognised as the National Novice Champion almost exactly a year after the race.”  

I think it’s clear from the above which side Colin is on – he was always an athletes’ man – and I think that any fair minded person would have been on Reid’s side.    The fact that the governing body took its decision by a great majority is to its credit but this is yet another example of the difficulties of enforcing laws on amateurism that have bedevilled Scottish athletics since the 1880’s.       Reid had a very good start to the following cross-country season which he started by winning the South-Western District title with ease after leading from start to finish, and followed this up with victory in the Ayrshire championship.   He then went on to win the National title in great style, and it was reported in The Glasgow Herald under the headline:   “Cross Country Triumph: Reid Invincible at Lanark:   Imposing record of achievement” and read as follows:

“As was anticipated R Reid of Doon Harriers won both the Senior and Junior by finishing an easy first over a course of  fully nine and a half miles at Lanark Racecourse on Saturday.   It was actually the first time that Reid had raced a greater distance than seven miles and it was also his first test against the entire array of Scotland’s experienced distance runners.   But Reid surmounted these difficulties in the manner of a real champion, winning by 200 yards from PJ Allwell and 450 yards from the holder, JE Farrell of Maryhill.   As in all his previous races, Reid finished quite fresh.   His list of achievements is already formidable: Scottish youths cross-country champion twice; SAAA one mile youths holder once;   national novice champion (later title was declared void); South-Western, Ayrshire and now junior and national   champion.”    

This was only the fifth time in the 53 year history of the event that the junior and senior titles had been won by the same runner – his predecessors being P McCafferty (1903), T Jack (1907), J Motion (1921) and J Flockhart (1933).      The international championship that year was held at Ely Racecourse in Cardiff and was a big disappointment for young Reid.   He started off as usual by going straight to the front at a fast clip and was twelfth at three miles.    However as the race developed he dropped further and further back to finish 31st, out of the counting six for the team race and probably learned a lesson or two.

The war intervened and his next chance to redeem himself in the blue vest of Scotland in an international came in 1946.    By this time he was living in Birmingham and running in the colours of Birchfield Harriers.    Colin Shields describes the move: “Reid, who initially ran for Doon Harriers, was the first runner whose lifestyle was to benefit from his running ability.   A baker’s apprentice at Dalmellington, Ayrshire, Reid was just 19 years old when, as Scottish champion, he ran in the 1939 International championships at Ely racecourse in Cardiff.    Overawed by the occasion he finished outside the Scottish counting six but his obvious potential attracted the attention and patronage of CAJ Emery, the 1938 international winner who arranged a job for him in the BSA factory in Birmingham.   Once settled there, he joined Birchfield Harriers as so many other Scottish runners did before and after him, and gained athletic honours in Midland and English championships.”

Reid did not run in the Scottish championships, preferring to race in England but his form was such that he was selected for the international where he finished twenty sixth – a big improvement on 1939 but not quite as well as had been hoped from his racing south of the border.    He did not race again in the Scottish championships until 1950 but was running so well that he never missed an international, finishing 20th in 1947, 12th (and first Scot home) in 1948 and 29th in 1949.

The Glasgow Herald report on the 1950 championship read simply: “R Reid (Birchfield Harriers, Birmingham) a former member of Doon Harriers, won the Scottish nine miles cross-country championships at Hamilton on Saturday, when  his powerful finishing burst proved too strong for another Anglo-Scot, F Sinclair (Blaydon), the former Scottish Mile champion.”    Not a lot there, but as usual the report on the race in “Whatever the Weather” gives a lot more insight, adding, “Reid’s victory came 11 years after his initial win in 1939 and was only his second competitive appearance in the championships, having preferred to run each year in the English National, but turning in such good performances in England that the selectors made him an ‘ever present’ in the Scottish team.    Indeed this victory gave him a unique record in the Scottish championship – that of having won every race he contested!    He won both the Youth titles in 1937 and 1938, and the two Senior titles in 1939 and 1950. “

What a career – packed with incident and illustrative of so many aspects of Scottish athletics: the professional/amateur interface; unbeaten in the Scottish National; profiting from his running, not by winning money but by getting better employment and housing.    Had it not been for the War, his eight internationals might have been 13 or 14.

Queen’s Park FC and Athletics

QP CREST

This is a follow up from Hugh Barrow to his earlier article on the subject – I’ve put it in a separate page because it links in several directions.    The thorny issue of amateurism comes up again and again through the pages of the website and for many years Queen’s Park was noted as the only amateur club in the Scottish football league.    Their role in the amateur/professional controversy is of interest, and this article should be taken with the DS Duncan profile and the earlier QPFC article.   Some of the actual sports are  here , here, and  here .

There is much truth in the statement that among the founders of the Queen’s Park Football Club in 1867 were many north-country men, who brought to Glasgow the inherent love of athletics possessed by every Highlander, particularly as regards muscalar events. Mr. J. C. Grant is strong on this point, and his testimony, that the Highland section, who had migrated from Strathbungo to the Recreation Ground at Queen’s Park, where better facilities were available, indulged in hammer-throwing, putting the ball, pole vaulting, and tossing the caber, and first learned the football game from the Y.M.C.A., is correct. The club had only been a very short time in existence when, 29th April, 1869, the advisability of holding athletic sports in connection with the Queen’s Park Football Club was considered, and ” it was finally agreed, after a great deal of reasoning and warm discussion, to defer the matter until a month or two, when it could be entered into with greater confidence to bring about a more successful result.” At this meeting a proposition was made to provide a ball and hammer for the general use of “the members of the Q.P.F.B.C,” but an amendment was carried to the effect that this matter “should be deferreduntil a future period, as the club at present was not in a fit state to incur any extra expense.” However, on 8th July, 1869, “after considering the state of the funds, it was agreed to purchase 121b. and 161b. hammers, and 16lb. ball, for the general use of the club.” It was announced, at the annual meeting held on 14th April, 1870, that, with a view to present additional attractions and amusement for the members, the club had been provided during the year with balls, hammers, and vaulting poles, which had proved valuable auxiliaries in keeping up the interest in the club. The necessity of procuring another set of flags and goal-posts was brought before this meeting by the secretary, and after a little deliberation—it was a serious expenditure at the time—the treasurer and secretary were commissioned to provide flags and stumps, same as before, with goal-posts eight feet high, and all to be painted white. It was further decided to raise a fund for the purpose of holding amateur athletic “games” in the month of September, 1870. Great undertakings were to be I accomplished during the winter months (they played summer football in early days), and ” an endeavour made to turn the football club into one of the best gymnasiums in the kingdom.” A lofty ambition truly, and probably the outcome of the quite recent visit to Hamilton to play the local Gymnasium Club. It has been ascertained that horizontal bars, etc., had been erected at the foot of the vacant piece of ground, used then by this Hamilton club, now built upon, and other forms of athletics practised. The club was an athletic development centre. It was, however, many a long day before this laudable ambition of Queen’s Park was gratified, certainly not until 1889, when the pavilion at second Hampden Park was raised a storey, a gymnasium added, and a competent instructor installed. The month of August is the period in which the great Highland gatherings or “games” are held, and the first Saturday in September was for several years consecrated to the Queen’s Park open sports. It is quite reasonable to suppose that the northern element had a say in fixing this date. There was “a good deal of deliberation on the subject of the date, etc., and whether it could not be possible to hold them—the sports—this year, 1869.” Messrs. Lewis Black and W. Klinger were the authors of this proposal. Mr. Gardner, at the annual general meeting, April,. 1870, said, ” that with a view to present additional attractions and amusement for the members, the club had been provided during the year with balls, hammers, and vaulting poles, which he was glad to see had proved valuable auxiliaries in keeping up the interest in the club.” The contemplated sports, however, did not take place in 1869, nor for that matter until 1872, and only after a letter was read from Mr. II. N. Smith, the president, proposing an athletic competition. Messrs. J. Taylor and A. Rae were appointed a committee, with power to add to their number, ” to manage the whole affair.” On 2nd October, 1872, “Mr. Rae, for the athletic sports committee, reported that the sports had been very successful—Mr. James J. Thomson took the first, and Mr. Joseph Taylor the second prize”—so that the sports would appear to have been a sort of all-round club competition. This was the first sports meeting held by the Queen’s Park Club, and was the precursor of a series of confined meetings held for the encouragement and entertainment of the members. In addition to Messrs. Thomson and Taylor, mentioned above—the former being an athlete in every sense of the word, while the latter shone in the sprints—Messrs. Edmiston and M’Hardy were two strong men, who figured prominently in the ball and hammer throwing. Mr. Charles Campbell too, joining the club as he did in 1870, came in at an opportune time, and was a frequent prize-taker with the hammer, and above the average as a quarter-miler. He, however, did not compete at open sports, devoting his attention to the confined events of the club. Mr. P. M’Hardy, who had only become a member 12th August, 1873, was appointed Second Eleven captain at the annual general meeting in April, 1874. He was one of a sub-committee with Messrs. J. B. Weir and W. M’Kinnon to inquire after suitable “athletic implements” for the general use of the members. They recommended, May, 1874, that a putting ball (161b.), one vaulting pole, and one horizontal bar be got, and they were authorised to procure these at a cost not exceeding £3 sterling. It having been intimated that Mr. M’Hardy intended leaving his set of throwing-hammers in the house for the use of members, a hearty vote of thanks was accorded that gentleman for his kindness. Mr. M’Hardy resigned the captaincy of the Second Eleven, March, 1875, and though asked to give his reasons for doing so, he declined to furnish particulars, and desired the matter should be passed over without further notice. He was re-elected captain of the juniors at the annual general meeting, 1875, which position he did not accept, and also to the match and ground committees. Mr. M’Hardy had a long connection with the Queen’s Park. He resigned 3rd June, 1884. J. D. Finlayson, admitted 17th April, 1873, was an amateur pedestrian who played in the Second Eleven, and obtained distinction on the track until he removed to Inverness. George Philips was also a great rival of Finlayson as a half-mile and mile runner. H. A. Watt, late member of Parliament for the College Division, held the champion-ship of Scotland, being invincible as a hurdle jumper. John Harvie had the honour of being walking champion of Scotland. Many famous athletes competed at open athletic meetings in the colours of the Queen’s Park. No reference is made in the minutes regarding sports, from the first confined meeting until 6th June, 1876, when the club decided to hold its first open athletic meeting. It was agreed at this meeting to have club sports, and the date was fixed, 9th September, 1876, and the secretary was instructed to make it public through the newspapers, and to advertise as thought fit. A scroll list of events was drawn up, and remitted to a strong sub-committee of seven to carry out all the arrangements. Open and confined events were included on the programme, and the list was printed and circulated among the principal clubs in Scotland and England. A number of leading gentlemen in Glasgow and district had been communicated with to secure their patronage, and had already signified their willingness to grant it. In the confined events, on the motions of Messrs. Weir and M’Neil, a 150 yards race was substituted for 200 yards, and the challenge cup half-mile was not to be handicapped. A grant of £30 was given to defray the preliminary expenses. The challenge cup referred to was to become the property of any winner lifting it twice.” The source from which it came is not stated. Messrs. Campbell, M’Neil, M’Kinnon, and Taylor (captain) were to represent Queen’s Park in the four-a-side competition. The other clubs that competed were Eastern, 3rd Lanark, and Dumbarton. There were also a place-kick event, a dribbling race (members), and tug-of-war between football clubs. This is the first reference to this contracted football game, which became popular at sports meetings afterwards. This initial amateur meeting, though the receipts amounted to £213, yet showed a loss of £55—the prizes were handsome, and cost £129. The sports had been ” highly satisfactory as regards the competitions and turn out of spectators, but from a financial point of view had not come up to the anticipations of the committee.” Stock had been acquired to the value of £25, which reduced the loss to this extent. Thus began the series of important athletic meetings held for many years under the auspices of the Queen’s Park Football Club. As the knowledge of athletics spread and developed, the balance was frequently often substantially on the right side; but should the financial result be adverse through bad weather or other causes, the club was in no way deterred from furthering amateur sport of this character. The modus operandi in connection with its first athletic meeting was exactly followed on all subsequent occasions, men of athletic experience being selected as a sub-committee to make and carry out all arrangements.

The Queen’s Park amateur athletic sports stood for years one of the most important in the kingdom, and maintained their position until the introduction by other clubs in the city of the subsidised amateur, who received his expenses, and often the expenses of his trainer, together with a certain sum for appearance money. With this system the Queen’s Park, in its decided abhorrence of everything bordering on professionalism, would have nothing to do. Those great performers who have appeared on the “classic slopes” from time to time had no monetary inducement given them. Members of the club were only too glad to entertain and house them while in Glasgow. It was against all the principles of the club to do more. However, great stars coming from all parts of the kingdom to other local meetings provided attractions which the public, asking no questions, was not able to resist, and the system paid. The strict amateurism of the Queen’s Park was not remunerative, and gradually the club, disheartened, dropped out of the active athletic arena in quite recent years; but now, after the war, more activity is being displayed, and sports were held 6th June, 1920, and, we are glad to relate, proved to be one of the most successful ever held by the club. The prizes set for competition were always of the handsomest description, which the winners could retain with abundant pride to the end of their days, not Brummagem stuff, manufactured for the purpose, so often to be seen now in shop windows. Everything the Queen’s Park undertook was carried out in the best manner possible. The evil of subsidising amateurs became so flagrant that the Scottish Amateur Athletic Association had to intervene and hold an investigation. The efforts to suppress the scandal were only partially successful. When both sports promoter and competitor are in collusion, it is difficult to prove an offence, the consequence being so serious to both parties.

The Queen’s Park committee, having carefully considered the situation, decided, after the athletic meeting in September, 1886 – the sports had been held in September now for ten years–to hold future meetings in June, commencing the following year. The change was made ” because September was considered too far on in the season for sports to be successful, the football season being too close at hand, and the majority of athletes then stale and out of training.” This change of date proved at first very successful, both athletically and financially. In the late ‘eighties and early ‘nineties there was a great influx to the club of athletic and •cycling members, who found the conveniences of the Queen’s Park track met a much-felt want, and these took full advantage of its amenities. The club at first was reluctant to take such men into full membership, as its first and last business was football. Permits were issued for training on the track, with full use of the pavilion and trainer to non-members. It was a great satisfaction to the club to find its efforts in this direction so fully appreciated. The track was constantly being improved, widened, and the banking brought up to the latest speed requirements.

On more than one occasion professional peds. have, under the disguise of amateurs, competed at the sports of the Queen’s Park. In the ‘seventies a famous professional miler ran against George Philips, a noted Queen’s Park amateur miler of the time, to settle some dispute in betting circles as to which was the better man at the distance. The professional won, but did not come forward to claim the prize, having apparently no criminal intent, bar the deception. The case was different at the September sports in 1878 with John Harvie, then Scottish champion walker, as the professional who won walked off with the prize. Mr. Harvie called the attention of the committee to his unfortunate position, but, of course, they had no responsibility in the matter, so he had to content himself with the second prize. BETTING Betting at athletic meetings caused considerable annoyance to the Queen’s Park, and other sports-holding amateur clubs, in the early ‘nineties. As professional pedestrianism had fallen on evil days, brought about by this same betting, and the chicanery associated with it, the scene of operations was transferred to the amateur grounds. This was a state of affairs which the Queen’s Park could not contemplate with equanimity. It was against all the principles of amateurism, and might eventually lead to the ruin of a then healthy pastime. This club was, therefore, the first to take action in the matter, a position which naturally fell to it.

Mr. William Sellar, writer, who was at this date president of Queen’s Park Football Club, took the matter up strenuously, and communicated, on behalf of his club, with the Town Council, May, 1897, regarding what steps the police authorities proposed to take to put down open betting at athletic meetings in the city. The Council remitted the matter to Mr. John Lindsay, then interim Police Clerk, now Sir John Lindsay, Town Clerk of Glasgow, for an opinion. The whole question rested on what was “a place” within the meaning of the Betting Act, 1853, the force of which was not extended to Scotland until amended in 1874. After quoting various decisions of the English and Scottish Courts, Mr. Lindsay gave the following opinion for the guidance of the Town Council :—

As all the meetings of the various athletic clubs of the city are held within closed grounds which are generally known by a name, and are certainly capable of reasonably accurate description, and to which persons from time to time, or on particular occasions or occasion, resort, it, in my opinion, necessarily follows that the areas of those athletic meetings are places within the meaning of the foregoing statutes, and that therefore the provisions of those statutes, prohibiting the using of such places for betting by professional betting men, can be enforced by the police, and thereafter at the instance of the Procurator Fiscal, or of any person, by process in the Sheriff Court.

Mr. Sellar in his letter referred to the decision by Mr. Justice Hawkins in the Dunn case. The learned judge laid it down that an inclosed racecourse was ” a place.” In 1885 the Court of Session, on appeal in the Henretty case—the defendant having been convicted in the Glasgow Sheriff Court tor betting at Shawfield—quashed this conviction ; but Mr. Lindsay was of opinion, notwithstanding these contrary decisions, that though the Procurator-Fiscal, in face of the final issue of the Henretty case, might refuse to prosecute, if that official, or any private person, prosecuted, and the case taken to the High Court, it is very probable it would be heard and disposed of by a full bench of judges.

In face of this decision in the Court of Session, the evil was allowed to continue. It was not until five years later that the Scottish Amateur Athletic Association concluded to move. On 19th May, 1902, a letter was received by the Queen’s Park committee from the honorary secretary of the Western District (S.A.A.A.), intimating that the Association had been in communication with the Chief Constable of Glasgow with a view to stopping the nuisance of betting at sports, and requesting the attendance of one or two delegates from the Queen’s Park Club to co-operate with the Association in the matter, at a meeting fixed by the Chief Constable. Messrs. Geake and Liddell were appointed. No prosecution followed against any bookmakers frequenting Hampden Park or elsewhere. Action was confined to posting notices prohibiting betting at the various grounds, and increased activity on the part of the police stationed there, to see that bookmaking was not carried on. By perseverance, and the invaluable assistance of the Chief Constable, things were made so uncomfortable for the bookies that they ultimately found the game did not pay, and withdrew from this new sphere, where their presence was not wanted. This satisfactory result must be mainly attributed to the initial action of Queen’s Park. One would have thought the Scottish Amateur Athletic Association would have been the first to move in the matter, but such was not the case.

Coupon betting had by January, 1914, become a curse to the game, and, indeed, is so still. Horse racing having been permitted only to a limited extent by the Government during the war, had driven the bookies to other fields to exercise their talents, and one which proved most lucrative was betting by coupon on football matches—an illegal practice which was carried on under various subterfuges. The Continental bookies were compelled to come home, or be interned, and found their occupation abroad gone. Many efforts were made to suborn players to sell matches, and it is painful to relate that some players, not many, accepted the tempting bait offered them. The evil is more rampant in England than in Scotland. Consequently the Football Association has been more active in its attempts to suppress these insidious attempts to ruin the game, and several English players have been severely punished, when direct proof has been forthcoming that they have been guilty. So far the Scottish Association has not been called upon to prosecute, though it has kept a watchful eye on what is occurring in regard to coupon betting in Scotland. No case of the kind has come before it, which proves that Scottish players are practically immune, and have the interests of football, which are also their own, at heart, and play the game in a cleanand honourable way. The Scottish League, however, thought at this period, 1914, probably because the professional player came more directly under its control, that it would be advisable to indicate its position on the subject. A circular was issued to the clubs, copies of which were to be hung in the players’ dressing rooms, the referee’s room, and the committee rooms, at each ground, condemning coupon betting. In this way the warning against the evil would be perpetually before the players and the clubs.

After a conference with the Scottish League, who stated coupon betting had become acute, the Scottish Association also took up the matter, and in January, 1916, passed the following resolution:—

Any director, official, player, or other person connected with football management w<h© participates directly or indirectly in betting upon the results of football matches shall be expelled from the game.

Further, in May, 1916, at an extraordinary general meeting of the Scottish Football Association, this resolution was added to articles of association as a new article, and all clubs were compelled to post in their pavilions a copy of the resolution as a warning to players and officials. Still the practice goes on. Only quite recently an English player was imprisoned (March, 1918) for trying to induce certain players to sell a game at the instance of betting men, who themselves escaped punishment.

The Queen’s Park was one of the first members of the Scottish Amateur Gymnastic Union. When the club was approached by the secretary of the 1st Lanarkshire Rifle Volunteers Athletic Club (Gymnastic Section), the committee appointed Messrs. D. C. Brown and Stewart Lawrie to represent the club at a meeting held on 6th June, 1890, to form this Union. Before August, 1891, the Union was in debt to the extent of £30, and appealed to the club to assist it in its difficulties. The Queen’s Park agreed to pay its just proportion of the indebtedness, on the understanding that its resignation be accepted afterwards. The club formally resigned from the Union in September, 1891. Mr. Stewart Lawrie, Queen’s Park, was the first president of this Union.

In the autumn of 1890 baseball teams were giving exhibitions throughout the country, of the American national pastime. Mr. M. P. Betts, secretary of the National Baseball League, made application for the use of Hampden Park on a week night, in an effort to popularise the game in this country. Baseball did not appeal to Scotland, nor, for the matter of that to England. All the efforts to introduce it into this country were still-born. Another attempt was made to interest football clubs in the game—November, 1906—when a meeting of clubs in and around Glasgow was held in the George Hotel to consider the advisability of starting a Baseball Association, but the the proposal met with small support. The Queen’s Park committee did not entertain the project. In 1918 another exposition of the game was given on Hampden Paris, between teams drawn from the American Navy, and the Canadian soldiers, who had come over to take part in the war. Played in the cause of charity, it proved a variation, no more.

The idea of a gymnasium for the members seems to have originated with Mr. James Lawrence, who was president of the Queen’s Park for three seasons. At the annual general meeting in May, 1889, he drew attention to the want of variety in the system of training, running being really the only form of exercise members could avail themselves of. The chairman, Mr. Stewart Lawrie, said that the erection of a small gymnasium had been thought of, and, as a substantial balance was in bank, the idea would probably take definite shape very shortly. It did take shape when the pavilion was enlarged in 1889, and a spacious gymnasium was built at the back, with Mr. Benson, Glasgow University Gymnasium, as instructor.

Tom Jack

T Jack

It always surprises me to see how many officials were very good athletes in their day.   You look at these guys on the judges stand or on the timekeepers ladder  and think that they were born looking like that or were always as nimble (or not) as they seem to you as a competitor.    The truth is usually – usually not just often – vastly different.   The subject of this profile is the exemplification of the official/runner interface.    Tom Jack won an SAAA title while he was President of the association.   It has come to me more and more forcibly as I have delved further and further into the subject that in many, many cases the official was a much better athlete than the runner complaining to or about him!!!   Bear that in mind as you read this, and generalise it to today’s officials.

 David Keddie says “Jack, born on his father’s farm at Brotherton, West Lothian, in 1881 won the first of his seven SAAA 10 miles titles in 1904, creating Scottish records for all distances above 4 miles in the 1907 race which he finished in 53:4.0.   He did not reproduce that form in the AAA’s race of 1907 but in 1908 improved to third place.   Tom Jack was an MA graduate from Edinburgh University and later headmaster of Castle Hill School.   He continued to show a keen interest in the sport, especially in the schools and amongst Boys Clubs, and was President of the SAAA in 1912, the year after he ‘retired’ from active competition.   He died in Edinburgh in October 1960 aged 79.”   

Most officials think of themselves as runners who have done as well as they could and have moved on to help current athletes and the sport in general.   Tom Jack was one of the best Scottish runners of all time.   He won the Ten Miles title six times in seven years (third in the other year), the Four Miles once with four seconds and two thirds.    The winning times were 57:09.8 (1904), 54:42.8 (1906),  53:04 (1907), 55:00 (1908),  54:03.8 (1909), 53:46.4 (1910) and, for four miles, 19:12 (55:21.4).   His track records were six miles – 31;18.8 and  ten miles – 53:04.0.   The time in 1907 was a Scottish record that stood until 1912 when George Wallach took 2 seconds from it.    If we look only at his track competition record this is the story that emerges.

In 1904 Tom Jack won the first of six ten miles titles in seven years (he was third in 1905) which added to his record of one first, four seconds and a third in the Four Miles, made him the most successful distance runner in the SAAA championships between 1904 and 1910 inclusive.     The 1904 victory was achieved on 1st April at Powderhall in Edinburgh and he was timed at 57:09.8.   “The flat season was opened on Friday night with the Ten Miles SAAA Championship at Powderhall where the course was in excellent order.   The only drawback was the wind which was rather gusty, and therefore of a somewhat trying nature.   Only four took part in the race, three from this District and one from Edinburgh.   Rankine, who won the cross-country championship, and who was the first huntsman to finish in the Grand National at Haydock Park, did not enter.   It was thought S Kennedy of Garscube Harriers, winner of the Western District cross-country championship, would win, and for a time he moved very freely, but when the pinch came, he was not able to hold out, the wind having contributed to his defeat as much as the want of stamina.   A comparatively unknown man in Jack  of the Southern Harriers won the race in 57:09.8  which is a very creditable performance when the conditions are taken into account.   He finished well and was fully 30 yards in front of Marshall of the West of Scotland Harriers, who just managed to beat his club companion Mulrine by inches.   Jack, the winner, is a valuable addition to the realm of distance amateur runners.”

In 1905, he won two championship medals but neither was gold.   The Ten Miles championship was again held on 1st April and this time the best that Jack could do was third behind Sam Stevenson of Clydesdale Harriers and PC Russell (Bellahouston Harriers).   The race was won by Stevenson – who would go on to run in the London Olympics – in the fast time of 53:31.4.   “This important fixture was run off in heavy rain.   The track was all against the runners, of whom seven faced the starter.   Russell forced the pace, and led the field until the seventh mile, when Stevenson got the lead and won a great race in the splendid time of  53 min 31 2-5th sec – only 5 sec outside of record.”

On 24th June he was back at Ibrox for the Four Miles at the SAAA championships.   It was clearly Sam Stevenson’s year and he won the title in 20:56.4 from Jack and A Wright, the defending champion.   Stevenson only won by four yards.

It was back to Edinburgh for the Ten Miles in 1906, held on 31st March.     Back in his home city, Jack turned the tables on Stevenson when he won in 54:42.2 .   The ‘Fifty Years of Athletics’ official history of the SAAA gave JM Guild third place.

“PEDESTRIANISM

TEN MILES SCOTTISH CHAMPIONSHIP

This event was decided over the Heart of Midlothian Football Club’s  track at Tynecastle on Saturday evening in ideal weather.   Seven started including the holder, S Stevenson, Clydesdale.   The half distance was completed in 26 min 38 2-5th sec.   From this point the issue lay between T Jack, Edinburgh Southern Harriers, and the holder, S Stevenson, who led alternately until the last lap, where Stevenson sprinted 300 yards from home but failed to sustain the effort, and Jack coming away with a great burst in the last 100 yards won by sixteen yards from Stevenson.   W Lang, Edinburgh Harriers was third, RE Hughes, Edinburgh Harriers fourth and T Robertson, Edinburgh Harriers fifth.   JM Guild, Edinburgh Harriers, and N Cormack, Preston Harriers, gave up at three and four miles respectively.”

The last sentence corrects the official history (The First 50 Years) as far as third place was concerned.   Given the lap-about running between Jack and Stevenson, a pre-arranged ploy for a fast time maybe, the time was slower than the previous year in the rain when the Bellahouston Harrier forced the first seven miles.   Stevenson however gained his revenge at the championships at Powderhall on 23rd June when he won the Four Miles for the second year in succession.   Everything else was put in the shade by Wyndham Halswell’s four titles in one day – it would be pretty difficult o match victories in the 100, 220, 440 and 880 yards on the same afternoon.   There were only two finishers in the Four Miles.

Jack won the longer race for the third time in 1907 at Ibrox on 6th April, and he did it in some style.   “Record smashing in April is something of a novelty as far as Scottish pedestrianism is concerned.   Yet at Ibrox on Saturday, T Jack (Edinburgh Southern Harriers) not only won the Ten Miles SAAA Championship, but enhanced the distinction by setting new records from five to ten miles.   Jack as supreme from start to finish being fully 760 yards in advance of H Young (Monkland Harriers), who in turn was well ahead of W Bowman (West of Scotland Harriers).   Jack ran with admirable judgement and consistent speed.   He accomplished the first mile in 5 min 0 2-5th sec, and the last in 5 min 21 2-5th sec while his time for the full distance was 53 min 4 sec.   The previous record holder was Andrew Hannah who, at Hampden Park in 1895, did the distance in 53 min 26 sec which, in view of the reputed fastness of Ibrox, is little, if any, inferior to Jack’s performance on Saturday.   Twelve years is a long time for a record to remain in these days of high physical culture, and the fact that it has held the field so long goes to show what an exceptional distance runner Andrew Hannah was.   Jack has had a brilliant season, as he won the Cross-Country championship, and was first man home among the Scotsmen who ran in the international a few days ago, while on Saturday he added lustre to these achievements by winning the Ten Miles championship for the third time.”

The intermediate records which erased Hannah’s figures were  – 5 Miles  29:57.6;   6 Miles  31:18.8;   7 Miles  36:45.0;   8 Miles  42:14.0;   9 Miles  47:42.2.   In the Championships at Powderhall on 22nd June, Stevenson again finished in front of Jack – but A Duncan beat them both, winning in 20:12.4.

The following year, on 3rd April, 1908, at Powderhall Gounds, Jack won the Ten Miles title for the fourth time, and the third year in succession.   Not quite as fast as the previous year, he was timed at 55 minutes exactly.   That was probably down to the heavy going after a lot of rain that week.   The referee was Charles Pennycook, Clydesdale Harriers, former Scottish Mile and Cross-Country Champion and only four of the five entrants started the race.   Jack won from T Robertson (Edinburgh Harriers) in 56:24.8, and J Torrie (Gala Harriers) in 58:03.6.   The Four Miles was held on ‘a broiling afternoon’ at the championships at the Scottish National Exhibition in Edinburgh on 27th June, and, with Stevenson preferring to run in the Mile, Jack won the title from JB McLagan with A Paterson third.   The winning time was 21:52.4 – the slowest winning time in the history of the championship.

A year on to the day, 3rd April, 1909, Jack again emerged triumphant.   The ‘Glasgow Herald’ reported:

“For the fourth time in succession and the fifth time in all, T Jack (Edinburgh Southern Harriers) won the SAAA Ten Miles Championship on Saturday.   The race was run at Ibrox Park and, though the conditions were far from favourable, the time – 53 min 3 4-5th sec – has only been beaten on four occasions since the institution of the championships in 1895.   Jack is credited with the fastest time, 53 min 4 sec at Ibrox in 1907, A Hannah (Clydesdale Harriers) next 53 min 26 sec in 1895, S Stevenson (Clydesdale Harriers) third with 53 min 31 2-5 sec, and A Hannah fourth with 54 min 2 3-5th sec in 1894.   Five of the ten who started in Saturday’s race finished inside standard – 57 min – which is perhaps one of the most noteworthy features of the race.

Jack led all the way till the second last lap when A McPhee (Clydesdale Harriers) got in front but his stay there was short lived as the champion with 200 yards to go put on a fine spurt and won by a couple of yards.   It was a fine finish and it is just possible that McPhee might have won had he not forced matters until the last lap.   All the same he ran a very creditable race, which in con junction with his win in the cross-country championships, gives him a very honourable place among distance runners.   Jack ran with apparent ease, as he always does and he seems more at ease over cinders than he does over field and fen.   A Mann (Clydesdale Harriers) was the third to finish his time being 54 min 49 sec.   No one has displayed more consistent form over the season than Mann and his running at Ibrox on Saturday was a revelation to many.  …. ”

In the shorter distance, held on 26th June, it was another silver medal for Jack in a race won by Alex McPhee who, it seems, had finally got his tactics right as far as Jack was concerned.    He won in 20:36.6 and there was ‘less than a foot’ spearating them at the finish.

1910 was Tom Jack’s final victory in the championship again beating Alex McPhee – but he was again second to McPhee in the SAAA Four Miles later that year at the SAAA Championships.   The Ten Miles was held this time at Hawkhill Ground in Edinburgh on 2nd April in glorious weather with a really first class field forward.   Straight to the report:

“The opening of the Scottish athletics season took place on Saturday when under the auspices of the Scottish Amateur Athletic Association the ten miles championship was run  off at the Hawkhill Grounds, Leith, in glorious weather.   The entry was unusually large and out of the 18 entrants, 16 started.    From the start the race lay between the holder, T Jack, Edinburgh Southern Harriers, A McPhee, Clydesdale Harriers, GCL Wallach, Bolton United Harriers, and J Duffy, Edinburgh Harriers.   These runners kept in close company until the third mile, but at the next mile Duffy had dropped back 80 yards, and at half distance was practically out of the hunt.   The field at this distance was reduced to 11.   With three laps to go the Glasgow man tried to pull out from the others but before a lap was covered, Wallach and Jack had closed up on him.   Thereafter they ran neck and neck until 90 yards from the tape, when Jack rushed to the front an won a magnificent race by five yards from McPhee with Wallach third four yards behind the Clydesdale Harrier.

Result:   1.   T Jack, Edinburgh Southern Harriers;   2.  A McPhee, Clydesdale Harriers.   Time : 53 min 46 2-5th sec.   T Jack has now won the championship six times and five years in succession.   His best time, which is a Scottish record, was at Ibrox Park on April 6, 1907.

The following runners gained standard medals: GCL Wallach, Bolton United Harriers, third, J Duffy, Edinburgh Harriers fourth, A Mann, Clydesdale Harriers, fifth, RM Bruce, Edinburgh Harriers, sixth, JC Venn, Edinburgh Northern, seventh, W Laing Edinburgh Harriers, eighth.”

Mile times were: First 5:01.2;    Second 10:14.6;    Third 15:34;    Fourth 20:55.8;     Fifth 26:19.6;     Sixth 31:49.4;     Seventh 37:24.2;     Eighth 42:56.4;   Ninth 48:36.4;    Tenth  53:46.4

Given this record, he had to be selected frequently to run in the Scoto-Irish International match and his performances there were as good as might be expected, bearing in mind that the longest distance there was Four Miles.   His first appearance there was in July, 1905 when he finished second to Sam Stevenson in a match held in Edinburgh which Scotland won 8 – 3.   In 1907 he won from J Hynes of Ireland in 20:22 at Ibrox only to see Scotland lose 6 – 5.   In 1910 at Ibrox he was second to Alex McPhee and Scotland won 9 events to 3.   In Edinburgh in 1912 he was second to Ireland’s FJ Ryder in a drawn match – five and a half points each.

He was equally good as a cross country runner – he won the national championship three times, in 1907, 1908 and 1912 – with five outings in the Scottish team in the International Championships – every year from 1907 to 1910, then again in 1912.    In 1907 when he was the first Scot home when he crossed the line in fifth place, in 1908  he was thirty third, in 1909 he was thirty seventh, in 1910 he was twenty sixth and in 1912 he was twentieth.    A record to be proud of.

The best tribute to him was by Colin Shields who had this to say:

“Tom Jack was one of Scotland’s most distinguished and successful distance runners in the pre-first world war period.  Of West Calder farming stock, Jack was born in 1881 on his father’s farm in Brotherton and enrolled as a teacher at Moray House Training College with subsequent graduation as MA from Edinburgh University.   Joining Edinburgh Southern Harriers in 1900, his early running gave no signs of the future  greatness he was to display, finishing runner-up in four successive years in his club’s championships.   He blossomed forth as a national champion in 1904 when winning the SAAA track 10 miles title, a title he was to win seven times inside the nine year period from 1904 to 1912.   His best victory came in 1907.  …

Winning the Senior title in the 1907 National championships while still a Junior, he became the second athlete to win the Senior and Junior titles at the same time.   He repeated the Senior title victory the following year and again in 1912.   …

In the 1908 Olympic Games Marathon in London Jack represented Great Britain but, after leading the field for the first five miles at a suicidal fast pace, he was forced to drop out of the race with exhaustion. 

On the administrative side of the sport, after seven years as an SAAA Council member while still an active athlete, he became the only President (1912 – 13) while still an active competitor.   He became president of the Cross-Country Union in 1930 – 31, completing an administrative career which was every bit as distinguished as his competitive one.   He died aged 79 in Edinburgh in 1960 after maintaining his connections with the sport to the end.”

 

Georgie Ballantine

I have commented elsewhere on the lack of historical data about the start of the women’s athletic scene in Scotland in the 1930’s in the introduction to the Jean Tait profile.    The athlete this time is Georgina Ballantine who was a very good runner indeed and her career also sheds light on the pre-war athletics scene in Scotland.

Georgie top

The competitive excellence and sporting success of the women’s section when it was first formed in 1930 took everyone by surprise.    The members were all novices to start with but achieved victories that could never have been foreseen.     Among these talented women Georgina Ballantine was one of the very best.

 Georgie joined the club in season 1933/34.   She was a friend of Peggy Ellison and Anne Gilchrist who were already club members.  They encouraged her to come along and try cross country running.   Originally a hockey player, she wore a gymslip in her first run because it was the only practical costume that she had.   The Ladies trained on Mondays, Wednesdays and Saturdays and the basic run was about 15 – 20 minutes.   This suited the racing of the time with a National Cross Country Championship of about three miles.   In the summer they trained at the Yoker FC Park and ran on the outside track – they were not allowed on the grass!   As far as track racing was concerned almost all the cross country women ran the half mile and their medley relay team was very good.    They won medals and certificates in almost every race they contested: Georgina was in the team that won the Medley Relay in 1936 and in the team that finished second in 1937.   The certificate below is from the Scottish Medley Relay Championship of 1937.   The team of Allison Ritchie, Isa Hunter, Georgie  Ballantine and Jean Tait were all regulars.   There were other girls who could slot in including Mary Martin, Martha Orr and BG Anderson.   The year earlier the girls had won with BG Anderson running instead of Georgie.

The Ladies Training was organised by her father, George Ballantine who had been a professional athlete himself.  He helped the men as a trainer on occasion but he is best remembered as the Ladies Coach.   He usually wore a white dustcoat and because he was working with women he arranged for Mrs Thursby to come along and help out because he felt that it was not appropriate for a man to coach them on his own.  Some of the men helped out from time to time – Tom Sinclair and Arthur Shields ran with them when they were out on the roads and the canal bank to start with and in later years Dan McDonald and other were there in that capacity.

Georgie team group

Jean and Georgie flank the trophy, Mr Ballantine and Mrs Thursby at either side at the back

Although a good cross country runner, on the track Georgie specialised in the half mile and most races at the time were handicap meetings.  She was very quick and reported to be good tactically.   On the other hand, on several occasions she had been instructed by her father to ‘just win and no more’ or her handicap would suffer.   She generally went along with this but on one occasion she just thought she could win well and ran away from the opposition to win the race by a distance.   As she left the track, the handicapper took her by the elbow and said “You’ll no’ do that to me again, lassie.”   In addition her Dad gave her a real talking to as well.   And she didn’t do it to the handicapper again!

If we go back to the start of her career in the Harriers, the first report that appeared was for the Johnstone Castle Policies Sports where she ran in the 100 yards.   “A ‘guid wee yin’ in Georgie Ballantine galloped into second place in the 100 yards for girls Under 16.   This is her first success since she won the title of sports champion of the High School.   A dinky little clock now gets her up bright and early.”    In September 1933 at the Ladies AGM she was elected Assistant Treasurer.

 She created an upset in her first club cross country championship race in February 1934 when she defeated reigning champion Jean Tait to take first place.   Tom Millar in the ‘Clydebank Press’ was very enthusiastic about the new talent in the club saying: “A sensation was caused in the club championship last Saturday when the champion, Jean Tait, was forced to relinquish it to Georgina Ballantine.   Allison Ritchie, a former champion, was third.   I have no details as to how the race went but anyone who can beat Jean Tait must be a ‘guid yin’.   The Scottish Championships is to be decided a week tomorrow and the first six girls will represent Scotland in the women’s international;   we may yet see a Clydebank girl gain a ‘cap’”.  A week later she was one place behind Jean in the Scottish Championships but where sixth earned Jean a place in the Scottish team for the international Blackpool, Georgina’s seventh was only good enough for non-travelling first reserve.   However it was a very dramatic couple of weeks for a newcomer who could only have been 16 years old at most.

In her first national cross country championship the club team was third at Bishopbriggs.   There were not many Ladies Clubs in the country at the time – Dundee Hawkhill Harriers, Bellahouston Harriers, Maryhill Harriers, Shettleston Harriers and Greenock provided the main opposition, but the standard was high with Mildred Storrar of Dundee being the top cross country runner of the time.   Her cross country record was a good one – club champion and first reserve for Scotland (in 1935) was an excellent start.   The following year she did not run in the club championship and in the National where she was third club runner when the club had four in the first seven.   Jean Tait was second, Mary Martin third and Georgie fourth with Betty Anderson seventh.   As the ‘Press’ report said her father as coach to the team must have been delighted.   The club won the National title three times in three years- 1936, 1937 and 1938. Georgie’s best performance was being second in 1938.   Her medal is below.

 Georgie medal

 The extract on the left is from the SWAAA Programme for the Championships of 1967 in Bellahouston Park in Glasgow and lists the winning teams from past years.   It also shows the club as winning three times in a row.   Georgie told me that the club had won the ‘Daily Record’ Cup for the three years and were allowed to keep the cup.   Unfortunately it was stolen from their house before she went to South Africa.   She left the country for South Africa after her marriage to Tom Young and returned in the 1990’s.    Invited to the club Presentation in 2000, she met up with Jean Tait again and both wore their 1936 Championship winning medals in pendant form for the occasion.

 

 Georgie cycles

 Some Indoor Work.   George’s training was never boring and included many routines that are now commonplace but weren’t then.

Subsequently she donated the Georgie Ballantine Young Cup to the club for the Under 17 Ladies Cross Country Champion.   Ironically for one previously so fast on her feet she had difficulty getting around and was confined to the house and died in 2006.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jean Tait

When I was running and racing in the 1960s and later, I had the impression that the SWAAA were better organised than the men’s side of the sport.    I now realise that that was not the case.   Especially when researching or trying to investigate the women’s side of the sport, there are no formal histories such as Keddie’s excellent centenary history of the SAAA or Shields’s cross-country masterpiece.   Women’s athletics took off in the 1930’s and there is not even a complete record of team and individual winners available: Ron Morrison is slowly but surely completing such a record but none exists at present.   I have a couple of studies of individual women athletes from the 30’s that I profiled for a Clydesdale Harriers book that I was writing and the profile here is of Jean Tait who won the women’s cross-country championship and was a member of the team that won the championship three times in a row before the War started in 1939.   It is interesting from many points of view.   Jean died on 17th December, 2013 at the age of 97.

Jean chaired

 When Graeme Reid won the Scottish Cross Country title in 2003 it was hailed as the first win in a National Cross Country Championship since Dunky Wright in 1923.   The club had in fact had a National Cross Country more recently than that – Jean Tait won the Scottish Women’s Cross Country Championship in 1937.    It all started for the most successful Harrier of the Inter War Years in 1930. 

Clydesdale Harriers Committee Meeting, 22nd September 1930: extract from Minute:

Ladies Section: Mr A McGregor inquired if there was any demand locally for this.    Mr (Frank) Semple intimated that he had received about twenty names of ladies who were interested.   Thereupon Mr A McGregor moved that the Secretary should convene a meeting for the purpose of founding a Ladies Section.   This was seconded by Mr T McAulay.   Mr McGregor also moved, seconded by W Wilkinson that the Y.M.C.A. Hall should be booked and that October 3rd be the probable date for the meeting.   It was made clear that once started the Ladies Section should be entirely self governing and self supporting.   The President, Secretary, Treasurer, Captain and Mr McGregor were appointed to attend this meeting as representing the Committee.”

 At a time when the men’s section was thriving numerically and socially but in the doldrums competitively, few if any could have foreseen the standards that would be achieved by this new section.   The top three or four were of a very high standard indeed and none higher than the club’s first women’s national cross country champion Jean Tait.   When the section started the ladies were training on Mondays, Wednesdays and on Saturdays at the week end.   The ‘Press’ report for 12th February 1932 said that the Ladies Championships would be held that weekend over a distance of not less than one mile and the winner would get the Cup donated to the club by Mrs Thursby.   Nan Stopani won from Allison Ritchie and in the SWAAA Championships (only the second ever) Clydesdale were third behind Maryhill and Dundee Hawkhill.   The counting runners were Nan Stopani (13th), Allison Ritchie (14), Nan Stephenson (17 and Mary Campbell (21).    A year later and the ‘Press’ report read that the club was third again behind the same two teams but much closer and went on to say in an article headed  Hail Jessie Tait:

“The bright feature as far as the locals are concerned was the brilliant running of Jessie Tait.   Let me say here and now that every one of the local team acquitted themselves splendidly but Jessie went one better by taking actual third position.   In other words here in Clydesdale we have the third best runner in Scotland.   Only two hundred yards separated her from the winner and she was only beaten for second by forty yards …………”    Jean was third, Allison Ritchie was fourth and Nan Stephenson and Annie Lindsay were the club’s counting runners.   The following week was a sealed handicap race from Whitecrook Pavilion and Jean overhauled a 250 yards lead held by the club champion Allison Ritchie to win.

 Jean Group

Jean is front row, extreme right

 

In April 1933 the General Committee granted Clydesdale Harriers Ladies Section permission to use the club design for a badge to be presented to Miss Jean Tait after she had finished second in the SWCCU Championships.

The summer of 1933 started with the St Peter’s Sports where she was third in the obstacle race but then came the Johnstone Castle Policies Sports.   “In the half mile which was by general agreement the best race of the day, Jean Tait was beaten by inches for first place.   Her clubmate Allison Ritchie followed her closely which gave Clydesdale Harriers second and third.   Jean has now put away half a dozen tea knives in a certain chest and Allison is showing a neat manicure set.” 

It was a good summer and at the Ladies General Meeting in September Jean was elected Assistant Secretary and Georgina Ballantine was Assistant Treasurer.   However despite being elected Assistant Secretary the following notice appeared: “New members should get in touch with the Secretary, Miss Jean Tait, 12 Spencer Street, Clydebank.”

Whoever was Secretary there was a momentum building up in the Ladies Section.   In January 1934 they arranged a muster run of all the clubs in the Glasgow District.   Maryhill, Shettleston, Bellahouston and South Glasgow Ladies all came to Clydebank for the run.   In March 1934 the team could ‘only’ finish fourth in the Scottish Championships but Jean was again third finisher.   Tom Millar reported: “A mere one hundred and sixty yards separated the Clydesdale lady champion from the Dundee girl who triumphed.   In between came a Maryhill girl.   This is a remarkable performance, more especially since this is the second time that Jean has finished third.   As a team the local ladies did not do so well as last year and dropped one place.  Jean Tait is due every credit for her plucky displays in these races and on behalf of my colleagues in the men’s section I offer sincere congratulations.”   As the report says, two weeks earlier Jean had won the club championship from Allison Ritchie who led until the last 200 metres when “superior finishing power enabled Jean to win by fifteen yards.”

 Although the results of the Men’s Section were being eclipsed by those of the Ladies, the General Committee seemed determined that it would have the whip hand in the relationship with the Ladies Section. Several fairly senior members seemed to be actively opposed to what was termed ‘amalgamation’.   But the Ladies wanted to be included.   In March 1934 they wrote formally to the Committee asking for permission to present their prizes at the Men’s Presentation.   This was unanimously agreed and the occasion was a great success.   In September of the same year there was a letter from Mrs Thursby asking for a representative to be sent to the Ladies Section AGM.   This was agreed and Fred Yorwarth was the representative.   A month later (1st October) there were two letters from the Ladies.   The first was asking for two ‘coaches’ from the men’s Section to run with them on Monday and Wednesday evenings and Saturday afternoons.   This was agreed.   The second contained the desire of their members to amalgamate with the Men’s Section.   This was postponed to the end of the evening before being discussed.   It was found impossible to amalgamate but the Committee agreed provisionally to send representatives to the Ladies’ Section meeting.   They were to collect information and act as an advisory committee which had to be ‘ruled’ by the General Committee.   The representatives were to be Fred Yorwarth, Dan McDonald, Tom Sinclair and Kenny Robb.   In July 1934 at the Maryhill Meeting all three prizes in the Ladies half mile came to the club with Allison Ritchie winning from Jean with Isa Hunter third.   Then at the Singer’s Sports in Clydebank, Jean won the half mile from Mary Martin and Georgie Ballantine.   Other than that there was no reporting of the ladies summer’s racing in the local Press or club minutes which seemed to be fixated on the cross country season.

In the club championships in February 1935 there was a bit of an upset when Georgina Ballantine beat Jean for first place and Tom Millar reported “A sensation was caused in the club championships when the holder of the title, Jean Tait was forced to relinquish it to Georgina Ballantine.”    In the Scottish Championships the team was second but Jean in sixth place was selected for the International Cross Country Championship in Blackpool.   Georgina was one place behind – and first reserve for the team.   Club positions in the race were Jean 6th, Georgina 7th, Betty Reid 11th and Allison Ritchie eighteenth.   The report in the ‘Press’ went as follows: “I am forced to give top place to our wonderful ladies this week.   They have done what we have not been able to do.   In the Scottish Women’s Cross Country Championships at Springburn last Saturday they took second place to the holders and favourites, Dundee Hawkhill Ladies.   Hold back those cheers for just a little longer.   Jean Tait by finishing actual sixth in the race made sure of her place in the international team race at Morecambe on April 20th.    Her team mate Georgie Ballantine finished close behind her and is first reserve.   Thus the town which built the largest ship in the world is further honoured by having two of its young ladies selected for their country.   Now for those cheers – hip, hip, hooray.   But I am not unmindful of the rest of the team and Betty Reid and Allison Ritchie supported the stars well.   The former was eleventh and the latter eighteenth.   Clydesdale were the youngest team in the race.”

A year later Jean regained the club title in an excellent race.   “The finest championship since the inception of the ladies club five years ago took place last Saturday over a two and a quarter mile trail.   Nine eager competitors strove with each other for the honour of being known as club champion.   For a mile they raced together and no one was outstanding.   Gradually Jean Tait drew out followed by Mary Martin and Mary Orr.   The last two named only joined up this season but they certainly made a brave show.   Jean Tait, ex-club champion and Scottish internationalist had to go all out to break the tape five seconds ahead of Mary Martin who was ten seconds ahead of Mary Orr.   The holder Georgie Ballantine did not compete.   This result is highly satisfactory to the club when so many are close up to the champion and augurs well for their chance in the National race.”    

Two weeks later and ‘Excelsior’ was ecstatic again: “Pride of place must be given to Clydesdale Harriers ladies this week.   Last Saturday at Bishopbriggs they blasted the hopes of Dundee Ladies in the two mile Scottish Championship.   The Dundee girls were expected to be easy winners of this race but this idea was not shared by the locals.   For weeks they had prepared, training regularly and enthusiastically to lift that cup.   To the surprise of everyone but themselves they succeeded.   Therefore Clydebank at present harbours both the championship of the world and the lady champions of Scotland.    

Nobly led by their champion, Jean Tait, the Clydesdale Ladies responded magnificently and counted four in the first seven placers.   Mildred Storrar of Dundee, a big powerful girl and champion for the past two years, was first in evidence after the start but gradually Jean Tait took command and early on held a thirty yards lead.   Eighty yards from home ‘our Jean’ still led and looked a certain winner.   Here Mildred Storrar put forth her finishing effort and drew up to the Clydesdale girl.   Thirty yards from the tape they were still level  but excitement caused Jean to falter slightly and the holder retained her title by a few yards – her hardest won victory yet.   The locals went wild when Mary Martin and Georgie Ballantine followed Jean Tait and then Betty Anderson made sure of their team victory by finishing in seventh place.   The individual times and places were:   1.   M Storrar 13:33; 2.   J Tait 13:37; 3. M Martin 14:00; 4.   G Ballantine 14:07.   Mr G Ballantine the trainer is due the highest praise for the splendid condition of his girls.”

I have no detailed Press reports from then on and there is less in the club minutes than before about the Section but we know that in 1937 not only did the team win the title again, but Jean picked up the title and the Championship Shield and is pictured winning at the top of the first page.   Jean was Scottish Champion at last.    Clydesdale Ladies won yet again in 1938 to make it three consecutive years as Scottish champions in 1936, ’37 and ’38.

In March 1936 the men seemed to be getting the message.   It was moved by Dan McDonald and seconded by Arthur Shields that the Ladies Section be invited to distribute their prizes at the Men’s Presentation.   There was an amendment proposed that no such thing be done.   The amendment lost and the Ladies were invited.   I could find no reference to the SWAAA Championships or Relay Championships on the track in the club minutes for that year.  I have copies of certificates which say that Jean was second in the half mile in 1936 and the Medley Relay Team (of Jean Tait, Isa Hunter, Georgie Ballantine and BG Anderson) won on the very same night in June.   A year later the relay team (of Jean Tait, Georgie Ballantine, Allison Ritchie and Isa Hunter) was second in the Mile Medley Relay in July 1937.   They continued winning races as teams and individuals – see Jean’s certificate below for being second in the SWAAA Half Mile Championships in 1936.    If the Men’s Section had a grand winning run broken by the War in 1918, the Ladies had their winning streak terminated by the War in 1939!    The women would come back quite quickly after the war with runners representing Scotland – and even winning British titles and medals in the 1950’s.

Jean Cert

After the war the club started up quite quickly thanks to the efforts of the War Time Committee to keep things ticking over.   Jean had married Andy McMillan in November 1937 and she was one of the main spirits in having the Ladies Section start up again after the War.   The following note appeared in the ‘Clydebank Press’ in 1947:  “Ladies Section:   Will all members of the above section and any other ladies interested in running please get in touch with Mrs A McMillan, 23 Duntocher Road, Dalmuir with a view to getting the Section restarted.”   A week later the following notice appeared: “A few young ladies showed their enthusiasm by turning out prepared to run at Mountblow on Tuesday night.   Any other young ladies wishing to come along should do so on Tuesday or Thursday at Mountblow”    For the next track season a proper Committee was set up with Cathie Hammond as Captain, Isa Irvine as Vice Captain, and a General Committee of Mrs McMillan, Mrs Shields, Misses E McCauley, M Cochrane and E Reid.     Tom Sinclair’s remark about a Matrimonial Agency was not too wide of the mark – apart from Jean and Andy and Jim and Allison, Willie Wright married Anne Gilchrist, Frank Semple married Jessie Raitt and there were many more.   The Ladies Section was back in action and Jean McMillan was playing her part.

 In the early 2000’s and she came along to the club Presentation twice renewing her acquaintance with Georgie Ballantine, David Bowman, Pat Younger and James P Shields among others.   More than that, she donated a trophy (illustrated below) for annual presentation to the club’s Junior Woman Cross Country Champion.

 

Jean Profile

 From the ‘Clydebank Post’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Halswell

Halswell

The name Halswell is enough for any athletics lover in Scotland and further afield to know who exactly is being talked about.   The extract below, from “50 Years Of Athletics”(published 1933)  was part of a longer chapter by William Reid, who wrote under the pen name of Diogenes.  It does not include the story of the Olympic 400 metres event for which, in some circles, he is best remembered but speaks of his introduction to the sport and his last race.    It reads

A short time ago I got a letter from Jimmy Curran, a Galashiels man, who has for almost a quarter of a century been one of the most distinguished athletic coaches in American School and College athletics.   He was in South Africa with the HLI during the Boer War, and when out there, he found the young Halswell.   When the battalion came home and was brought to Edinburgh Castle, Curran induced the then Lieutenant Halswell to get into training and, running in the 440 yards championship in the Championships of 1905, Halswell revealed a bright and shining star had arisen in the Scottish athletic firmament in the person of this gallant son of an English father and Scottish mother.   I went to Edinburgh Castle to interview the young officer.   He refused to talk.   It was not the thing to do on the part of an officer.   But, with a quiet chuckle, he handed me a scrapbook, sent him by a relative of his mother, in which he said he would find everything there was to know of him athletically.   “I must return it,” he said, bidding me good-bye.    This little action was worthy of a man who, when appealed to be a Press representative as to how he spelt his name – Mr DS Duncan refused to acknowledge a final “e”, and I took my cue from the SAAA Secretary – wrote that he spelt his name this way.   But the recipient of his letter to this day cannot determine whether it is a final “e” or a flourish of the pen.

HALSWELL’S LAST RACE

Halswell “made history” in Scottish athletics in 1906.    He won four running titles in one afternoon.   It was freely prophesied that the like would never be seen again.   It has never been attempted, and may stand as a record for all time.   The last time I spoke to Halswell was to commiserate with him on the unseemly proceedings in connection with the Olympic Games 400 metres race.   The entire circumstances distressed the high-minded military athlete.   He hated the idea that a conspiracy had been engaged in, and he hated still more the fact that the re-run was not taken part in by the American athletes, acting under orders.   The fact was Halswell cared far more for athletic expression than for  results.   It was felt in the battalion that his reputation was being, as it were, traded in by sports promoters.   He said he would end his career with the quarter mile in the Scoto-Irish International, and did so.   Some one gave me a copy of a photograph of Halswell starting in this race.   I had it copied and mounted, and many years after EH Liddell took away the second copy as one of many souvenirs of his stay in this country.

*

And that’s where the extract ends.   The four titles in one afternoon referred to above were at the SAAA championships held at Powderhall on 23rd June 1906 and the events were – 100 yards in 10.4 seconds, 220 yards in 23.2 seconds, 440 yards in 51.4 and 880 yards in 2:00.4.   The Scoto-Irish International where he ran his last race was on 11th July, 1908, at the Exhibition Grounds, Saughton, and he won the 440 yards in 51.8 seconds.

As a matter of interest, his victories at Powderhall in 1906 were reported in the ‘Glasgow Herald’ as follows (taken from a much longer article):

“Taken as a whole, the twenty-fourth annual championship meeting was a great triumph for the Association and amateur athletics generally.   The number of spectators, ana consequently the excellent financial result, made it clear that when genuinely sound athletics contests are provided, and the voice of the “bookie” is stilled, enthusiastic and intelligent public support will not be lacking.   Better weather could not have been desired by either competitor or spectator.   No wind, no rain, no broiling sun and yet a trace of freshness in the air made the day ideal. 

Sharp to time, the seven sprinters rose to a good start.   Macleod, the Cambridge crack, showed first in front.   Soon Stark was leading, and last year’s victory promised to be repeated until about a dozen yards from the judges, Halswell with a powerful dash rushed forward and won by fully two feet from Stark, closely followed by Kitson and MacLeod. …

In the half mile, McGough, with Vallance at his heels, made the pace, Halswell and Anderson in pursuit.    The leader’s first lap took 60 1/5th seconds.   Down the back straight McGough still led.   Entering the finishing straight, Halswell drew up, and finished strongly ten yards in front of McGough. …

In the 220 yards JP Stark (the holder) defended his title, but the all-conquering Lieutenant was not to be denied and, shaking himself free before entering the straight, finished a yard and a half ahead of Kitson. …

The last event, the “quarter”, was won, amidst ringing cheers from all sides by Lieutenant Halswell  in 51 3/5th, a great performance in view of the previous demands on his energies. ”  

  The question was prompted by the brilliant running of Lieutenant Halswell at the Clydesdale Harriers meeting.   We said that any man who could 600 yards in 1 min 12 4/5th seconds was capable of winning the quarter and the half mile.   We had evidence of his gifts in the 220 yards, and there had been reports of practice hundreds in 10 1/2 seconds.   On June 9th Lieutenant Halswell did the quarter in 49 4/5th seconds and 600 yards in the time of 1 min 11 4/5th seconds.   We are therefore not astonished that this marvellous runner should have replied to our query by winning on Saturday the 100 yards, the 220 yards, the quarter and the half mile, and so achieving the unprecedented honour of quadruple champion.   It would be hard to analyse all the qualities possessed by the Lieutenant which contribute to his marvellous energy and speed.   Scotland is proud of him and the SAAA must feel considerable satisfaction in that Lieutenant Halswell should have found it possible to take part in this championship meeting.   His services in the coming international with Ireland will be of great value.”

I’ll leave it there – it is not a proper profile, just some information about a wonderful athlete who also seems to have been a really good man as well.    Many know a bit about the Olympic fiasco which is not recounted here but perhaps this rounds out the perception of Lieutenant Wyndham Halswell.